Chapter Lo stigma e le sue intersezioni. Effetti moltiplicatori di abilismo e genere

Abstract

With this contribution, we tried to analyze the amplifying effects of stigma, in particular when ableism is combined with gender, highlighting how this perspective can also be reductionist. In particular, the processes of stigmatization of multiple identities are examined, emphasizing that stigma manifests itself on individuals who contain characteristics considered undesirable, in contrast with an ideal of "perfect human being" which, in reality, is a social, political and economic construction. It explores how the mechanisms of categorization, labeling and discrimination are rooted in dynamics of oppression between groups, recalling the Platonic image of a world beyond appearances and inviting us to show that another reality is possible. The reversal of stigma, or the process by which a stigmatized group, reappropriating negative attributes, transforms them into symbols of pride and resistance, is presented as a powerful tool for social change. This phenomenon has fueled activism and self-determination movements, such as those linked to the Gender, Black is Beautiful and Crip Studies movements. However, it is emphasized that the goal is not categorical vindication for its own sake, but the enhancement of multiple identities as an integral part of a more authentic humanity, promoting a broader and shared vision of what it means to be human beings.