Publications
Now showing items 961-1040 of 1372
New treatment perspectives in autism spectrum disorders
(2015)
Developing novel and more effective treatments that improve quality of life for individuals with autism spectrum disorders is urgently needed. To date a wide range of behavioral interventions have been shown to be safe and ...
New therapeutic targets for human placental angiogenesis diseases
(2015)
A large number of publications have described impaired angiogenesis and vasculogenesis present in the feto-placental circulation after pregnancy diseases such as pre-eclamptic pregnancies, gestational diabetes, and ...
New Translational Insights on Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes and Beyond
(2016)
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can be considered as a clustering of several risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which could lead to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular ...
New Therapies and Immunological Findings in Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers
(2019)
New therapies are currently being developed in the field of skin cancer. In particular, advances in melanoma now represent the frontline of cancer immunotherapy, as immunological findings in the disease have led to the ...
Non-Ordinary Mental Expressions
(2015)
So-called altered states of consciousness (ASC) are an intriguing, still under-researched topic, with profound neuropsychological and epistemological implications. In the last few decades there has been increasing ...
Non-Polysaccharide Plant Polymeric Materials
(2016)
Plants are the most important renewable source of feedstock for polymeric materials. They are a resource of monomers and macromolecules after the appropriate chemical treatment. By analogy with the petrochemistry industry, ...
Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Schizophrenia: How Much Can Be Achieved and How?
(2017)
The introduction of antipsychotic agents in the 1950’s substantially improved the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. However, clinical and functional outcomes are still far less than optimal for ...
Optogenetic Tools in the Molecular Spotlight
(2016)
The rise of optogenetics as a standard technique to non-invasively probe and monitor biological function created an immense interest in the molecular function of photosensory proteins. These photoreceptors are usually ...
Personality and Cognition in Economic Decision Making
(2017)
Psychologists studying cognitive processes and personality have increasingly benefited from the wealth of theory, methodology, and decision making paradigms used in economics and game theory. Similarly, for the economists, ...
Paleoecology of Easter Island: Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Ecological Change
(2018)
After more than three decades of paleoecological research, the potential role of climatic and anthropogenic drivers on Easter Island's ecological and cultural change is still under discussion. This eBook aims to provide ...
Parasites in the Tropic - A New Paradigm Shift
(2017)
The highlight of this eBook is to bring new insights into parasites in the tropic. To achieve that, much has been discussed about risk assessment, infection rates, disease burden, hormones and mechanism of immune response, ...
Parasite Infections: From Experimental Models to Natural Systems
(2018)
Eukaryotic parasites (including parasitic protozoans, worms and arthropods) are more complex and heterogeneous organisms than pathogenic bacteria and viruses. This notion implies different evolutionary strategies of host ...
Phenotypic screening in the 21st century
(2015)
In the genomic era of 1990s-2000s, pharmaceutical research moved to target-based drug discovery which enabled development of a number of small molecule drugs against a wide range of diseases. In many cases however, drugs ...
Phenomics
(2018)
"Phenomics" is an emerging area of research whose aspiration is the systematic measurement of the physical, physiological and biochemical traits (the phenome) belonging to a given individual or collection of individuals. ...
New Approaches to the Pathogenesis of Sudden Intrauterine Unexplained Death and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
(2017)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death among infants in the first year of age. The more known definition of SIDS is the sudden unexpected death of an infant less than 1 year of age, with onset ...
New Insights into Microbial Ecology through Subtle Nucleotide Variation
(2016)
The 16S ribosomal RNA gene commonly serves as a molecular marker for investigating microbial community composition and structure. Vast amounts of 16S rRNA amplicon data generated from environmental samples thanks to the ...
New Insights on Basic and Clinical Aspects of EEG and MEG Connectome
(2018)
Recent advances in the neuroimaging field areas allow us to visualize the aggregate of neural connections at the macroscopic level within the brain, the so-called “connectome”. In order to promote the development of the ...
Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Neurology and Psychiatry
(2017)
Brain stimulation techniques, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS), modify brain function through interaction with multiple neurotransmitters and networks. The ...
Non-conventional Yeast in the Wine Industry
(2017)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that exhibit high ethanol tolerance and excellent fermentative ability are extensively used in winemaking as selected starters. However, a side-effect of the widespread use of these commercial ...
Novel Approaches to the Analysis of Family Data in Genetic Epidemiology
(2016)
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for complex disorders with large case-control populations have been performed on hundreds of traits in more than 1200 published studies (http://www.genome.gov/gwastudies/) but the ...
Novel Aspects of Nucleolar Functions in Plant Growth and Development
(2018)
The nucleolus is a prominent nuclear domain that is common to eukaryotes. Since the nucleolus was first described in the 1830s, its identity had remained a mystery for longer than 100 years. Major advances in understanding ...
Matricellular Receptors as Potential Targets in Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Strategies
(2016)
The invasive character of a primary cancer is greatly dependent on numerous interactions between tumor cells and their extracellular surroundings. Matricellular receptors are defined as (cell-surface) receptors that bind ...
Ontogeny and Phylogeny of Brain Barrier Mechanisms
(2016)
The brain functions within an internal environment that is determined and controlled by morphological structures and cellular mechanisms present at interfaces between the brain and the rest of the body. In vertebrates these ...
Online and Offline Modulators of Motor Learning
(2017)
Both the acquisition of new and the modification of previously acquired motor skills are necessary to achieve optimal levels of motor performance in everyday functioning as well as to attain expert performance levels that ...
Perception-Cognition Interface and Cross-Modal Experiences: Insights into Unified Consciousness
(2017)
The present Research Topic explores closely related aspects of mental functioning, namely an interplay between perception and cognition, interactions among various sensory modalities, and finally, more or less unified ...
Perceptual Linguistic Salience: Modeling Causes and Consequences
(2017)
Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in the notion of salience in linguistics and related disciplines. While in top-down salience, perceivers endogenously direct their attention to a certain stimulus, in the ...
Perception, Action, and Cognition
(2016)
Even as simple a task as quenching thirst with a glass of water involves a sequence of perceptions and actions woven together by expectations and experience. What are the myriad links between perception and action, and ...
Perspective Taking: Building a neurocognitive framework for integrating the "social" and the "spatial"
(2015)
Background: Interacting with other people involves spatial awareness of one’s own body and the other’s body and viewpoint. In the past, social cognition has focused largely on belief reasoning, which is abstracted away ...
Perspectives for the Next Generation of Virus Research: Spearheading the Use of Innovative Technologies and Methodologies
(2017)
Infectious diseases are associated with approximately 20% of global mortality, with viral diseases causing about one third of these deaths. Besides newly emerging and re-emerging viral infections will continue to pose a ...
Parochial Altruism: Pitfalls and Prospects
(2016)
A number of recent influential publications have promoted the idea that the high levels of altruism and violent intergroup conflicts observed in humans might be the result of a joint evolution of behavioral traits causing ...
Plant Competition in a Changing World
(2017)
Competitiveness describes a key ability important for plants to grow and survive abiotic and biotic stresses. Under optimal, but particularly under non-optimal conditions, plants compete for resources including nutrients, ...
Plant Glycobiology - a sweet world of lectins, glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycans
(2014)
Plants synthesize a wide variety of unique glycan structures which play essential roles during the life cycle of the plant. Being omnipresent throughout the plant kingdom, ranging from simple green algae to modern flowering ...
Plant responses to flooding
(2015)
Global warming has dramatically increased the frequency and severity of flooding events worldwide. As a result, many man-made and natural ecosystems have become flood-prone. For plants, the main consequence of flooding is ...
Plant Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses: Lessons from Cell Signaling
(2017)
Facing stressful conditions imposed by their environment and affecting their growth and their development throughout their life cycle, plants must be able to perceive, to process and to translate different stimuli into ...
Plant polyamines in stress and development
(2014)
Polyamines are small aliphatic polycations which have been involved in key stress and developmental processes in plants. In the recent years, compelling genetic and molecular evidences point to polyamines as essential ...
The Proceedings from Halophiles 2013, the International Congress on Halophilic Microorganisms
(2015)
The Halophiles 2013 meeting is a multidisciplinary international congress, with a strong history of regular triennial meetings since 1978. Our mission is to bring researchers from a wide diversity of investigation interests ...
Quantum Structures in Cognitive and Social Science
(2016)
Traditional approaches to cognitive psychology correspond with a classical view of logic and probability theory. More specifically, one typically assumes that cognitive processes of human thought are founded on the Boolean ...
Processing Across Languages
(2018)
The Research Topic aims to highlight research on the processing of words, sentences and discourses across languages. Articles representing processing in a wide variety of human languages will be featured. Efforts will be ...
Promiscuous functions of the prion protein gene family
(2015)
The cellular prion protein PrPC is a ubiquitous GPI-anchored protein. While PrPC has been the focus of intense research for its involvement in a group of neurodegenerative disorders known as transmissible spongiform ...
Psychological perspectives on expertise
(2015)
Experts are persons who are very knowledgeable about or skillful in a particular area. The aim of this Research Topic is to advance knowledge in the understanding of the phenomenon of expertise by putting together different ...
Psychological Issues in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
(2016)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal and progressive disease, characterized by progressive muscles weakness, with consequent loss of physical capacities. Patients become relentlessly immobile and, in the late stages ...
Psychological Responses to Violations of Expectations: Perspectives and Answers from Diverse Fields of Psychology
(2018)
From Pavlov's dog expecting food when hearing a bell to stereotypes as expectations about other people’s behaviour, from Bandura’s self-efficacy as expectation for success and failure of one’s own behaviour to the "predictive ...
Post-Exercise Recovery: Fundamental and Interventional Physiology
(2016)
Physiological responses after maximal and submaximal exercise are routinely monitored in a plethora of diseases (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, asthma, neuromuscular disorders), and normal populations (e.g. ...
Plants as alternative hosts for human and animal pathogens
(2015)
Many of the most prevalent and devastating human and animal pathogens have part of their lifecycle out-with the animal host. These pathogens have a remarkably wide capacity to adapt to a range of quite different environments: ...
Plants' Responses to Novel Environmental Pressures
(2018)
Plants have been exposed to multiple environmental stressors on long-term (seasonal) and short-term (daily) basis since their appearance on land. However, the frequency and the intensity of stress events have increased ...
Plants; Stress & Proteins
(2017)
Biotic and abiotic stress factors deliver a huge impact on plant life. Biotic stress factors such as damage through pathogens or herbivore attack, as well as abiotic stress factors like variation in temperature, rainfall ...
Probing auditory scene analysis
(2015)
In natural environments, the auditory system is typically confronted with a mixture of sounds originating from different sound sources. As sounds spread over time, the auditory system has to continuously decompose competing ...
Putting the "why" back into bone "archytecture"
(2016)
A large literature exists on trabecular and cortical bone morphology. The engineering performance of bone, implied from its 3d architecture, is often the endpoint of bone biology experiments, being clinically relevant to ...
Re-Enacting Sensorimotor Experience for Cognition
(2017)
Mastering the sensorimotor capabilities of our body is a skill that we acquire and refine over time, starting at the prenatal stages of development. This learning process is linked to brain development and is shaped by the ...
The Reasoning Brain: The Interplay between Cognitive Neuroscience and Theories of Reasoning
(2017)
Despite the centrality of rationality to our identity as a species (let alone the scientific endeavour), and the fact that it has been studied for several millennia, the present state of our knowledge of the mechanisms ...
Reassessing Twenty Years of Vaccine Development Against Tuberculosis
(2018)
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the prime bacterial infection worldwide with 10.4 million infections and a death toll of 1.7 million people in 2016 according to WHO statistics. Tuberculosis is caused by members of the Mycobacterium ...
Programming the HPA-axis by early life experience: Mechanisms of stress susceptibility and adaptation
(2015)
Experiences during early life program the central nervous- and endocrine-systems with consequences for susceptibility to physical and mental disorders. These programming effects depend on genetic and epigenetic factors, ...
Prenatal Beginnings for Better Health
(2018)
Pregnancy has significant short- and long-term health impacts for mother and child, which may lead to pediatric- and adult-onset diseases. Understanding these gestational origins of disease and currently existing platforms ...
Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Approaches for the Investigation of Chemical Systems - Recent Developments and Advanced Applications
(2018)
The QM/MM method, short for quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical, is a highly versatile approach for the study of chemical phenomena, combining the accuracy of quantum chemistry to describe the region of interest with ...
Progenitor diversity and neural cell specification in the central nervous system
(2015)
The central nervous system continuously perceives, integrates, processes and generates information. These complex functions rely on the detailed elaboration of its cellular network and on the myriads of individual, highly ...
Proteomics of Microbial Human Pathogens
(2017)
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012 infectious diseases and related conditions account for more than 70% of premature deaths across 22 African countries and estimated 450 000 people worldwide developed ...
Protein Solubility and Aggregation in Bacteria
(2016)
Proteins suffer many conformational changes and interactions through their life, from their synthesis at ribosomes to their controlled degradation. Only folded and soluble proteins are functional. Thus, protein folding and ...
Protein Phosphorylation in Health and Disease
(2016)
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most abundant reversible post-translational modifications in eukaryotes. It is involved in virtually all cellular processes by regulating protein function, localization and stability ...
The Proteins of Plastid Nucleoids - Structure, Function and Regulation
(2016)
Plastids are plant cell-specific organelles of endosymbiotic origin that contain their own genome, the so-called plastome. Its proper expression is essential for faithful chloroplast biogenesis during seedling development ...
Protein Quality Controlling Systems in Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses
(2018)
Environmental stress factors negatively affect plant growth by inducing proteins dysfunction. As coping strategies, plant have developed a comprehensive protein quality controlling system (PQCS) to keep proteins homeostasis. ...
Plant Silicon Interactions between Organisms and the Implications for Ecosystems
(2017)
In this Frontiers topic, we explore how the functions and fates of plant silicon interact with other organisms and ecosystem processes. By bringing together new data from multiple disciplines and scales, we present a ...
Plant Single Cell Type Systems Biology
(2016)
The phenotype of a plant in response to a stress condition is the reflection of the molecular responses in different cell-types composing the plant. The multicellular complexity represents a challenge when accessing specific ...
Problem Gambling: Summarizing Research Findings and Defining New Horizons
(2018)
In 2003, Rachel A. Volberg wrote: “Why is it that gambling is not even on the radar when we consider the array of risks that adolescents must confront as they move towards adulthood?” Nowadays, after thirteen years, although ...
Python in Neuroscience
(2015)
Python is rapidly becoming the de facto standard language for systems integration. Python has a large user and developer-base external to theneuroscience community, and a vast module library that facilitates rapid and ...
Quantitative Biology: Dynamics of Living Systems
(2017)
With the emergence of Systems Biology, there is a greater realization that the whole behavior of a living system may not be simply described as the sum of its elements. To represent a living system using mathematical ...
Quantitative Assessment and Validation of Network Inference Methods in Bioinformatics
(2015)
Scientists today have access to an unprecedented arsenal of high-tech tools that can be used to thoroughly characterize biological systems of interest. High-throughput “omics” technologies enable to generate enormous ...
Quantitative Systems Biology for Engineering Organisms and Pathways
(2016)
Studying organisms as a whole for potential metabolic(ally) engineering of organisms for production of (bio)chemicals is essential for industrial biotechnology. To this end, integrative analysis of different –omics ...
Quantitative analysis of neuroanatomy
(2016)
The true revolution in the age of digital neuroanatomy is the ability to extensively quantify anatomical structures and thus investigate structure-function relationships in great detail. Large-scale projects were recently ...
Reading Faces and Bodies: Behavioral and Neural Processes Underlying the Understanding of,and Interaction with, Others
(2017)
The aim of this Research Topic was to offer an interdisciplinary forum for researchers interested in the interplay of face, eye gaze, and body perception in the understanding of others, with an emphasis on behavioural and ...
Reaching to Grasp Cognition: Analyzing Motor Behavior to Investigate Social Interactions
(2018)
How humans plan and execute their actions has always been a fascinating topic for neuroscience and psychology. In particular, kinematics studies have contributed to shed light on how very basic actions (e.g. reaching-grasping) ...
Proceedings of the International School on Magnetic Resonance and Brain Function - XII Workshop
(2018)
In the last thirty years, Magnetic Resonance has generated a wide revolution in biomedical research and in medical imaging in general. More recently, the "in vivo" studies of the human brain were extended by new ...
Progress in Ecological Stoichiometry
(2018)
Ecological stoichiometry concerns the way that the elemental composition of organisms shapes their ecology. It deals with the balance or imbalance of elemental ratios and how that affects organism growth, nutrient cycling, ...
Progress in Episodic Memory Research
(2016)
Episodic memory refers to the ability to remember personal experiences in terms of what happened and where and when it happened. Humans are also able to remember the specific perceptions, emotions and thoughts they had ...
The Psychology of Magic and the Magic of Psychology
(2016)
Magicians have dazzled audiences for many centuries; however, few researchers have studied how, let alone why, most tricks work. The psychology of magic is a nascent field of research that examines the underlying mechanisms ...
Psychomotor symptomatology in psychiatric illnesses
(2015)
Psychomotor symptoms are those symptoms that are characterized by deficits in the initiation, execution and monitoring of movements, such as psychomotor slowing, catatonia, neurological soft signs (NSS), reduction in motor ...
Refining Prevention: Genetic and Epigenetic Contributions
(2016)
Currently, most prevention efforts are framed as universal interventions. However, despite the demonstrated efficacy of many prevention programs, variability in response is the rule with some participants responding very ...
Plant Organ Abscission: From Models to Crops
(2017)
Plant organ abscission is a developmental process regulated by the environment, stress, pathogens and the physiological status of the plant. In particular, seed and fruit abscission play an important role in seed dispersion ...
The plant microbiome and its importance for plant and human health
(2015)
The study of plant-microbe associations by new techniques has significantly improved our understanding of the structure and specificity of the plant microbiome. Yet, microbiome function and the importance of the plant’s ...
Plant cell wall in pathogenesis, parasitism and symbiosis
(2015)
The cell wall is a complex structure mainly composed of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a cohesive hemicellulose and pectin matrix. Cell wall structural proteins, enzymes and their inhibitors are also essential components ...
Plant Phenotyping and Phenomics for Plant Breeding
(2018)
As a consequence of the global climate change, both the reduction on yield potential and the available surface area of cultivated species will compromise the production of food needed for a constant growing population. ...