Publications
Now showing items 1041-1120 of 1372
Plant immunity against viruses
(2017)
Plant viruses impose a serious threat on agriculture, which motivates extensive breeding efforts for viral resistant crops and inspires lasting interests on basic research to understand the mechanisms underlying plant ...
Quality of Horticultural Crops: A Recurrent/New Challenge for Plant Scientists in a Changing World
(2018)
Besides increasing crop yield to feed the growing population, improving crop quality is a challenging and key issue. Indeed, quality determines consumer acceptability and increases the attractivity of fresh and processed ...
Quasars at All Cosmic Epochs
(2018)
The last 50 years have seen a tremendous progress in the research on quasars. From a time when quasars were unforeseen oddities, we have come to a view that considers quasars as active galactic nuclei, with nuclear activity ...
Psychosocial Job Dimensions and Distress/Well-Being: Issues and Challenges in Occupational Health Psychology
(2018)
Over the last three decades a large body of research has showed that psychosocial job dimensions such as time pressure, decision authority and social support, could have significant implications for psychological distress ...
Psychosocial Advances in Neuro-Oncology
(2016)
Neuro-oncology is a rapidly growing field concerned with scientific developments and clinical applications related to neuroscience, neuropsychology, cancer and oncology. Neuro-oncological disorders include cancers that ...
Reelin-Related Neurological Disorders and Animal Models
(2017)
The Reeler mutation was so named because of the alterations in gait that characterize homozygous mice. Several decades after the description of the Reeler phenotype, the mutated protein was discovered and named Reelin ...
Reduction of Environmental Distraction to Facilitate Cognitive Performance
(2015)
When faced with a difficult task, people often look at the sky or close their eyes. This behavior is functional: the reduction of distractions in the environment can improve performance on cognitive tasks, including memory ...
Reducing Oral Health Disparities: What Can We Learn from Social; Environmental and Cultural Factors?
(2017)
Oral health disparities are profound worldwide, and they affect the quality of life of individuals of all age groups. Disparities in oral health are seen in racial and ethnic minorities, at different socioeconomic levels ...
Principles Underlying Post-Stroke Recovery of Upper Extremity Sensorimotor Function - A Neuroimaging Perspective
(2016)
Neuroimaging post-stroke has the potential to uncover underlying principles of disturbed hand function and recovery characterizing defined patient groups, including their long term course as well as individual variations. ...
Principles of Hip Arthroscopy
(2017)
The field of arthroscopy, originating from Denmark in 1912, has rapidly evolved to diagnose and treat a wide range of musculoskeletal pathologies. Although around for sometime, arthroscopy in the field of orthopedics has ...
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Genetics of Aging and Longevity
(2016)
In this book, we present a collection of articles covering a wide range of current aging research and highlighting its prospects and future directions. These articles are based on or related to the topics of the 3rd ...
Proceedings of ICI Milan 2013
(2014)
This Research Topic covers all of the major lectures and symposia addresses delivered by invited speakers at the 2013 International Congress in Immunology (ICI) at Milan, Italy, August 22-27, 2013.
Pattern recognition receptors and cancer
(2015)
The group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) includes families of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and AIM-2-like receptors (ALRs). ...
Radiation-induced and oxidative DNA damages
(2015)
DNA stores and passes the genetic information of almost all living organisms. Its molecular structure and their intramolecular interactions are particularly suitable to maximize stability against oxidative stress and ...
Producing and Analyzing Macro-Connectomes: Current State and Challenges
(2016)
Construction of comprehensive and detailed brain regions neuroanatomical connections matrices (macro-connectomes) is necessary to understand how the nervous system is organized and to elucidate how its different parts ...
Progress in Physical activity and Exercise and Affective and Anxiety Disorders: Translational Studies, Perspectives and Future Directions
(2015)
Physical activity and exercise were receiving a great attention as a strategy of prevention and treatment of affective and some anxiety disorders. Many studies have showed the efficacy of exercise in major depression and ...
Protective Immune Response to Dengue Virus Infection and Vaccines: perspectives from the field to the bench
(2015)
Dengue is the most important mosquito-transmitted viral disease in humans. Half of the world population is at risk of infection, mostly in tropical and sub-tropical areas. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that ...
Protein Interaction Networks in Health and Disease
(2016)
The identification and mapping of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a major goal in systems biology. Experimental data are currently produced in large scale using a variety of high-throughput assays in yeast or mammalian ...
Protein engineering and other bio-synthetic routes for bio-based materials: Current uses and potential applications
(2015)
In the past 20 years protein engineering has been used for the production of proteins mostly for biological applications. The incorporation of artificial amino acids and chemical handles into proteins had made possible the ...
Psychoanalytical neuroscience: Exploring psychoanalytic concepts with neuroscientific methods
(2015)
Sigmund Freud was a trained neuroanatomist and wrote his first psychoanalytical theory in neuroscientific terms. Throughout his life, he maintained the belief that at some distant day in the future, all psychoanalytic ...
Redox Homeostasis Managers in Plants under Environmental Stresses
(2016)
The production of cellular oxidants such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an inevitable con-sequence of redox cascades of aerobic metabolism in plants. This milieu is further aggravated by a myriad of adverse environmental ...
Redox and Metabolic Circuits in Cancer
(2018)
Living cells require a constant supply of energy for the orchestration of a variety of biological processes in fluctuating environmental conditions. In heterotrophic organisms, energy mainly derives from the oxidation of ...
Redox and Nitrosative Signaling in Cardiovascular System: From Physiological Response to Disease
(2019)
The role of ROS/RNS signaling in cardiovascular functions and diseases is increasingly emerging in the last decades. The involvement of ROS/RNS in the control of a large number of cardiovascular functions like the regulation ...
Redox Regulation in Skeletal Muscle Aging and Exercise
(2017)
Skeletal muscle represents the largest organ of the human body and comprises about 40% of total body mass in humans. Even in people who ‘age well’, there is a noticeable loss of muscle strength and function that accelerates ...
Recent Advances in Symbiosis Research: Integrative Approaches
(2017)
Traditionally, symbiosis research has been undertaken by researchers working independently of one another and often focused on a few cases of bipartite host-symbiont interactions. New model systems are emerging that will ...
Recent Discoveries in Evolutionary and Genomic Microbiology
(2015)
This collection represents certain discoveries that were made in evolutionary and genomic microbiology during the recent ten years. We attempted to shed light on topical issues of microbial evolution and microbiome biology. ...
Reproductive Neuroendocrinology and Social Behavior
(2016)
Anti-social behaviors and social deficits induced mental disorders are critical problems in our society today. Social behaviors and interactions are shaped by experience, hereditary components (genes, hormones and ...
Second Line Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinical; Pathological and Molecular Aspects of Novel Promising Drugs
(2017)
Lung cancer still remains a challenging disease with a higher mortality rate in comparison to other cancers. The discovery of oncogene addicted tumours and targeted therapies responsive to these targets lead to a meaningful ...
Second hand smoke and COPD: lessons from animal studies
(2015)
Cigarette smoke exposure is the key initiator of chronic inflammation, alveolar destruction, and the loss of alveolar blood vessels that lead to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is ...
The Second Life of Natural Killer (NK) Cells
(2018)
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes, now recognized as members of a larger family of “Innate lymphoid cells” (ILCs). Both murine and human NK cells are well characterized effector cells with cytotoxic as well ...
Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust
(2017)
Igneous oceanic crust is one of the largest potential habitats for life on earth, and microbial activity supported by rock-water-microbe reactions in this environment can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, our ...
Recent Advances in Flowering Time Control
(2017)
The onset of flowering is an important step during the lifetime of a flowering plant. During the past two decades, there has been enormous progress in our understanding of how internal and external (environmental) cues ...
Recent Advances in Doppler Signal Processing and Modelling Techniques for Fetal Monitoring
(2018)
The guest editors of this eBook have accepted 10 very high-quality submissions for inclusion in a special issue of Frontiers in Physiology. The key difference between this eBook and contemporary fetal physiology related ...
Recent Investigations of Ergot Alkaloids Incorporated into Plant and/or Animal Systems
(2015)
Ergot alkaloids produced by fungi have a basic chemical structure but different chemical moieties at substituent sites result in various forms of alkaloids that are distinguishable from one another. Since the ergoline ring ...
Recent insights into perceptual and motor skill learning (The computational and neural substrates of skill learning)
(2015)
Improvements in task performance following practice can occur as a result of changes in distinct cognitive and neural processes. In some cases, we can improve our performance by selecting a more successful behavior that ...
Revisiting the Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation for Cognition: Evidence, Challenges, and Open Questions
(2017)
The aim of this Frontiers Research Topic is to assemble a collection of papers from experts in the field of non-invasive brain stimulation that will discuss (1) the strength of the evidence regarding the potential of tDCS ...
The Role of Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Altered Calcium Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: From Current Developments in the Laboratory to Clinical Treatments
(2017)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive, devastating and fatal disease characterized by selective loss of upper and lower motor neurons of the cerebral cortex, brainstem, spinal cord and muscle atrophy. ...
The Role of Physical Fitness on Cardiovascular Responses to Stress
(2015)
Cardiovascular responses to physical and/ or mental stressors has been a topic of great interest for some time. For example, significant changes of cardiovascular control and reactivity have been highlighted as important ...
The Role of Microbial Communities in Tropical Ecosystems
(2017)
Tropical ecosystems are different in important ways from those of temperate regions. They are a major reservoir of plant and animal biodiversity and play important roles in global climate regulation and biogeochemical ...
Regulatory RNAs in the Nervous System, 2nd Edition
(2018)
Until about a decade ago, the non-coding part of the genome was considered without function. RNA sequencing studies have shown, however, that a considerable part of the non-coding genome is transcribed and that these ...
Regulatory RNAs in the Nervous System
(2015)
Until about a decade ago, the non-coding part of the genome was considered without function. RNA sequencing studies have shown, however, that a considerable part of the non-coding genome is transcribed and that these ...
Regulatory potential of post-translational modifications in bacteria
(2015)
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are widely employed by all living organisms to control the enzymatic activity, localization or stability of proteins on a much shorter time scale than the transcriptional control. ...
Remodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias
(2015)
The effective management of cardiac arrhythmias, either of atrial or of ventricular origin, remains a major challenge. Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains the leading cause of death in ...
The Schistosomiasis Vaccine - It Is Time to Stand Up
(2015)
Schistosomiasis is a severe parasitic disease, endemic in 74 developing countries with up to 600 million people, including many children, infected and 800 million at risk of contracting the disease following infection with ...
Schizophrenia: A Consequence of Gene-Environment Interactions?
(2015)
Schizophrenia is a multi-factorial disease characterized by a high heritability and environmental risk factors (e.g. stress and cannabis use). In recent years, an increasing number of researchers worldwide have started ...
Secretion of Cytokines and Chemokines by Innate Immune Cells
(2015)
The release of cytokines, chemokines, and other immune-modulating mediators released from innate immune cells, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and epithelial cells, is an ...
Recent advances in γδ T cell biology: New ligands, new functions, and new translational perspectives
(2016)
Gamma/delta (γδ) T-cells are a small subset of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation but constitute a major T-cell population at other anatomical localizations such as the epithelial tissues. In contrast to conventional ...
Recent Advances of Epigenetics in Crop Biotechnology
(2016)
Epigenetics is a new field that explains gene expression at the chromatin structure and organization level. Three principal epigenetic mechanisms are known and hundreds of combinations among them can develop different ...
Recent Advances in the Study of the Host-Fungus Interaction
(2017)
Fungal infections represent nowadays a significant burden on the healthcare system of most of the countries, and are among the infections with the highest mortality rates. This has fostered the study of the interaction of ...
Retroviruses, retroelements and their restrictions
(2015)
Human retroviruses, HIV and HTLV have been recognized as important pathogens because of their association with lethal diseases such as AIDS and ATL. Considerable resources and efforts have been directed at understanding ...
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Targets
(2015)
Pancreatic Cancer has been and still is one of the deadliest types of human malignancies. The annual mortality rates almost equal incidence rates making this disease virtually universally fatal. The 5-year survival of ...
Role of Protein-Protein Interactions in Metabolism: Genetics, Structure, Function, 2nd Edition
(2018)
Genetic variations may change the structure and function of individual proteins as well as affect their interactions with other proteins and thereby impact metabolic processes dependent on protein-protein interactions. For ...
Role of Silicon in Plants
(2017)
Silicon (Si) is gaining increased attention in the farming sector because of its beneficial effects observed in several crop species, particularly under stress conditions. The magnitude of benefits is predominantly observed ...
Role of Protein-Protein Interactions in Metabolism: Genetics, Structure, Function
(2018)
Genetic variations may change the structure and function of individual proteins as well as affect their interactions with other proteins and thereby impact metabolic processes dependent on protein-protein interactions. For ...
The Role of Primary Motor Cortex as a Marker for and Modulator of Pain Control and Emotional-Affective Processing
(2017)
The sensory and motor cortical homunculi proposed by Walter Penfield were a major landmark for the anatomical mapping of the brain. More than 60 years after, the development of new tools to investigate brain function ...
The Role of Play in Child Assessment and Intervention
(2017)
Play is a ubiquitous and universal aspect of early childhood. Although it may take different forms throughout development and across cultures, decades of research have found play to be related to important, positive outcomes. ...
The regulation of angiogenesis by tissue cell-macrophage interactions
(2014)
Angiogenesis is the physiological process where new blood vessels grow from existing ones, in order to replenish tissues suffering from inadequate blood supply. Perhaps the most studied angiogenic process occurs in solid ...
Regulation and targeting of enzymes mediating Parkinson's disease pathogenesis: focus on Parkinson's disease Kinases, GTPases and ATPases
(2015)
Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a priority in biomedical research and a pre-requisite to improve early disease diagnosis and ultimately to developing disease-modifying strategies. ...
Regulation of Cell Fate Determination in Plants
(2014)
Plants are made up of a large number of distinct cell types that originate from a single fertilized egg cell. How the diversity of cell types arise in appropriate places is one of the most fascinating and attractive research ...
The regulated secretory pathway in neuroendocrine cells
(2014)
The regulated secretory pathway is a hallmark of neuroendocrine cells. This process comprises many sequential steps, which include ER-associated protein synthesis, post-translational modification of proteins in the Golgi ...
Research Methods Pedagogy: Engaging Psychology Students in Research Methods and Statistics
(2016)
Research methods and statistics are central to the development of professional competence and evidence based psychological practice. Furthermore, the ability to interpret and apply research findings contributes to the ...
Scents that matter - from olfactory stimuli to genes, behaviors and beyond
(2016)
Scents can carry a lot of important information about the environment, conspecifics and other species. While some of these scents are positively related, as the odor of food, mating partners, or familiar conspecifics, other ...
The Search for Biological Active Agent(s) From Actinobacteria
(2018)
There is a large market demand for new drugs. The existing chronic or common ailments without cures, development of new diseases with unknown causes, and the widespread existence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, have ...
Searching for Immune Tolerance Manipulating New Molecules and Exploiting New Concepts on Lymphocyte Biology
(2016)
The break on immune tolerance is a common point between autoimmune diseases and the uncontrolled effector immune responses against allo-antigens in transplantation. Among the past years, several approaches to restore a ...
Recent Advances in Acidophile Microbiology: Fundamentals and Applications
(2017)
There is considerable interest in pure and applied studies of extremophilic microorganisms, including those (acidophiles) that are active in low pH environments. As elsewhere in microbiology, this is a fast-developing ...
Recent Advances and Challenges on Big Data Analysis in Neuroimaging
(2017)
Big data is revolutionizing our ability to measure and study the human brain. New technology increases the resolution of images that are being study as well as enables researchers to study the brain as it functions. These ...
Recombinant protein expression in microbial systems
(2014)
With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, expressing heterologous proteins in microorganisms rapidly became the method of choice for their production at laboratory and industrial scale. Bacteria, yeasts and other hosts ...
Reversible Ubiquitylation in Plant Biology
(2015)
Reversible ubiquitylation plays an important regulatory role in almost all aspects of cellular and organismal processes in plants. Its pervasive regulatory role in plant biology is primarily due to the involvement of a ...
Reward Processing in Motivational and Affective Disorders
(2016)
Preferential reward processing is the hallmark of addiction, where salient cues become overvalued and trigger compulsion. In depression, rewards appear to lose their incentive properties or become devalued. In the context ...
Reward- and aversion-related processing in the brain: translational evidence for separate and shared circuits
(2016)
Affective brain circuits underpin our moods and emotions. Appetitive and aversive stimuli from our exteroceptive and interoceptive worlds play a key role in the activity of these circuits, but we still do not know precisely ...
The Role of Aire, microRNAs and Cell-Cell Interactions on Thymic Architecture and Induction of Tolerance
(2016)
The focus of this eBook is to bring new insights into central immune tolerance. To fulfill that, much has been discussed about the master in the regulation of tolerance, the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene the main thymus ...
The role of body and environment in cognition
(2014)
Recent evidence has shown many ways in which our bodies and the environment influence cognition. In this Research Topic we aim to develop our understanding of cognition by considering the diverse and dynamic relationship ...
Role and prevalence of antibiosis and the related resistance genes in the environment
(2015)
It becomes increasingly clear that the basis of antibiotic resistance problem among bacterial pathogens is not confined to the borders of clinical microbiology but has broader ecological and evolutionary associations. This ...
The Role of AAA+ Proteins in Protein Repair and Degradation
(2018)
ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities (AAA+) comprise a superfamily of proteins that are defined by the presence of the AAA+ domain containing canonical Walker A and B motifs required for ATP binding and ...
The role of arginase in endothelial dysfunction
(2015)
In recent years, an increasing number of manuscripts have been published addressing the deleterious role of arginase in endothelial dysfunction. ROS have been shown to play a crucial role in arginase activation, which in ...
The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications
(2014)
The main causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetes are macrovasular and microvascular complications, including atherosclerosis, nephropathy, and retinopathy. As the definition of atherosclerosis as a chronic, smoldering, ...
The Role of Working Memory and Executive Function in Communication under Adverse Conditions
(2016)
Communication is vital for social participation. However, communication often takes place under suboptimal conditions. This makes communication harder and less reliable, leading at worst to social isolation. In order to ...
The role of viable but non-infectious developmental forms in chlamydial biology
(2014)
The chlamydiae are Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria with a complex developmental cycle comprising a metabolically less-active, infectious stage, the elementary body (EB), and a metabolically more active stage, ...
Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease
(2016)
Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic ...
The Role of the Plasminogen Activating System in Neurobiology
(2017)
This ebook contains a series of original publications, reviews and mini-reviews by leaders in the field that address the growing importance of the plasminogen activating system in neurobiology. The articles included cover ...