Publications
Now showing items 841-900 of 1372
Motor Cortex Microcircuits (Frontiers in Brain Microcircuits Series)
(2015)
How does the motor cortex enable mammals to generate accurate, complex, and purposeful movements? A cubic millimeter of motor cortex contains roughly ~10^5 cells, an amazing ~4 Km of axons and ~0.4 Km of dendrites, somehow ...
Motor Skills and Their Foundational Role for Perceptual, Social, and Cognitive Development
(2017)
Motor skills are a vital part of healthy development and are featured prominently both in physical examinations and in parents’ baby diaries. It has been known for a long time that motor development is critical for children’s ...
Multidrug resistance in Cancer: Pharmacological Strategies from Basic Research to Clinical Issues
(2015)
More than 40 years ago, the observation that doxorubicin-resistant tumor cells were cross-resistant to several structurally different anticancer agents was the first step in the discovery of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). P-gp ...
Modeling Individual Differences in Perceptual Decision Making
(2017)
To deal with the abundant amount of information in the environment in order to achieve our goals, human beings adopt a strategy to accumulate some information and filter out other information to ultimately make decisions. ...
Modeling of Visual Cognition, Body Sense, Motor Control and Their Integrations
(2017)
The interdisciplinary studies between neuroscience and information science have greatly promoted the development of these two fields. The achievements of these studies can help humans understand the essence of biological ...
Modeling the Plankton - Enhancing the Integration of Biological Knowledge and Mechanistic Understanding
(2018)
In light of climate change and allied changes to marine ecosystems, mathematical models have become an important tool to examine processes and predict phenomena from local through to global scales. In recent years model ...
Molecular and Metabolic Mechanisms Associated with Fleshy Fruit Quality
(2017)
Fleshy Fruits are a late acquisition of plant evolution. In addition of protecting the seeds, these specialized organs unique to plants were developed to promote seed dispersal via the contribution of frugivorous animals. ...
Molecular Biology of the Transfer RNA Revisited
(2014)
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are one of the classical non-coding RNAs whose lengths are approximately 70–100 bases. The secondary structure of tRNAs can be represented as the cloverleaf with 4 stems, and the three dimensional ...
Molecular Biology of Bamboo mosaic Virus - A Type Member of the Potexvirus Genus
(2018)
The flexible filamentous plant viruses are responsible for more than half of all agricultural loss worldwide. Potexvirus is one of the two most important flexible filamentous plant viruses. Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), a ...
Molecular and Cellular Plant Reproduction
(2017)
Plant reproduction is essential not only for producing offspring but also for increasing crop quality and yield. Moreover, plant reproduction entails complex growth and developmental processes, which provide a variety of ...
Molecular basis of fruit development
(2014)
The fruit is an important plant structure. Not only does it provide a suitable environment for seeds to develop and serve as a vehicle for seed disposal, but it is also an indispensable part of the human diet. Despite its ...
Molecular Chaperones and Neurodegeneration
(2017)
Molecular chaperones or heat-shock proteins (HSPs) play essential roles in safeguarding structural stability and preventing misfolding and aggregation of proteins, and maintaining the proteome functionality in the cell. ...
Monitoring endogenous GPCRs: lessons for drug design
(2015)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins forming the fourth largest superfamily in the human genome. Many of these receptors play key physiological roles and several pathologies have been associated ...
Monitoring Pathophysiology in the Injured Brain
(2018)
Pathophysiological processes in brain-injured patients can be assessed with an array of methods, with a goal to identify potentially deleterious events, guide treatments and avoid further deterioration. This eBook provides ...
Neural Mechanisms of Perceptual Categorization as Precursors to Speech Perception
(2017)
Perceptual categorization is fundamental to the brain’s remarkable ability to process large amounts of sensory information and efficiently recognize objects including speech. Perceptual categorization is the neural bridge ...
Neural processing of emotion in multimodal settings
(2015)
Our everyday life is characterized by a multitude of emotionally relevant cues that we perceive and communicate via various sensory channels. This does not only encompass the obvious cases of auditory and visual modalities, ...
Neural Masses and Fields: Modelling the Dynamics of Brain Activity
(2015)
Biophysical modelling of brain activity has a long and illustrious history and has recently profited from technological advances that furnish neuroimaging data at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Neuronal modelling ...
Neural Signal Estimation in the Human Brain
(2016)
The ultimate goal of functional brain imaging is to provide optimal estimates of the neural signals flowing through the long-range and local pathways mediating all behavioral performance and conscious experience. In ...
The Neural Underpinnings of Vicarious Experience
(2014)
Everyday we vicariously experience a range of states that we observe in other people: we may "feel" embarrassed when witnessing another making a social faux pas, or we may feel sadness when we see a loved one upset. In ...
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Movement-Based Embodied Contemplative Practices
(2016)
Relative to the extensive neuroscientific work on seated meditation practices, far less studies have investigated the neural mechanisms underlying movement-based contemplative practices such as yoga or tai chi. Movement-based ...
Neural Plasticity for Rich and Uncertain Robotic Information Streams
(2016)
Models of adaptation and neural plasticity are often demonstrated in robotic scenarios with heavily pre-processed and regulated information streams to provide learning algorithms with appropriate, well timed, and meaningful ...
Neuro-Development and Psychological Issues in Congenital Heart Defects
(2018)
The advances in the peri-operative management of congenital heart defects have substantially improved the survival of infants over the last few decades, reaching >95% survival in the reports of the international congenital ...
Obesity and Diabetes: Energy Regulation by Free Fatty Acid Receptors
(2016)
Food intake regulates energy balance and its dysregulation leads to metabolic disorder, such as obesity and diabetes. During feeding, free fatty acids (FFAs) are not only essential nutrients but also act as signaling ...
Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
(2014)
Immune response and metabolic regulation are highly integrated and this interface maintains a central homeostatic system, dysfunction of which can cause obesity-associated metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes, fatty ...
Neuroactive metabolites of ethanol: a behavioral and neurochemical synopsis
(2015)
Ethanol is a very elusive drug, which has mechanisms of action that are diverse and relatively non-selective. Moreover, ethanol has been demonstrated to be a biologically active substance by itself, but also a pro-drug of ...
Neuroanatomy and transgenic technologies
(2015)
Neuroanatomists increasingly rely on techniques enabling them to manipulate genes in defined brain cell populations. In particular, engineered transgenes, which encode a variety of fluorescent reporter proteins can be ...
New anti-infective strategies for treatment of tularemia
(2014)
Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a paradigm among human pathogens. This Gram-negative bacterium has an intracellular lifestyle, which probably reflects an adaptation to its natural animal and ...
New Perspectives in Neurosteroids action: a Special Player Allopregnanolone
(2015)
Early in the 80’s date the first observations on the existence of hormonal steroids that may be synthesized and act in the nervous system. In order to refer to these endogenous steroids, proved important to control both ...
NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
(2016)
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory ...
NLR-protein functions in immunity
(2015)
The Nod-like receptor (NLR) family of proteins are evolutionary conserved molecules that in plants and mammals have been implicated in innate immune sensing of microbes and infection-associated physiological changes, ...
NK Cell Subsets in Health and Disease: New Developments
(2017)
Natural Killer (NK) cells were discovered ca 1975, as the first group of lymphoid cells that were neither T cells nor B cells. Since then, the dissection of the biology of NK cells has been growing exponentially with many ...
Nuclear Thermal Hydraulic and Two-Phase Flow
(2018)
Nuclear energy is one of the most important clear energy and contributes more than 10% electric power to human society in the past decades of years. The nuclear thermal hydraulic and two-phase flow is one of the basic ...
A Matter of Bottom-Up or Top-Down Processes: The Role of Attention in Multisensory Integration
(2017)
The integration of information from various sensory modalities influences behaviour. It can induce behavioural benefits such as faster reaction times and enhanced detection of noisy signals but may also produce illusions, ...
Performance of Innovative Controlled Buildings Under Resonant and Critical Earthquake Ground Motions
(2018)
This eBook is the fourth in a series of books on the critical earthquake response of elastic or elastic-plastic structures under near-fault or long-duration ground motions, and includes six original research papers which ...
Phage Therapy: Past; Present and Future
(2017)
Historically, the first observation of a transmissible lytic agent that is specifically active against a bacterium (Bacillus anthracis) was by a Russian microbiologist Nikolay Gamaleya in 1898. At that time, however, it ...
Organogenesis From Development to Disease
(2017)
During embryonic development there are many processes that must take place to produce a viable and healthy fetus. Alterations in the cellular and/or molecular interactions within any particular organ can cause catastrophic ...
Oscillatory "Temporal Sampling" and Developmental Dyslexia: Towards an Over-Arching Theoretical Framework
(2015)
Children with developmental dyslexia fail to acquire efficient reading and spelling skills despite adequate tuition and an absence of overt sensory and/ or neural deficits. Learning to read and spell requires linguistic ...
Oxytocin's routes in social behavior: Into the 21st century
(2015)
Our brain is endowed with an incredible capacity to be social, to trust, to cooperate, to be altruistic, to feel empathy and love. Nevertheless, the biological underpinnings of such behaviors remain partially hardwired. ...
P-type ATPases in Health and Disease
(2019)
P-type ATPases are a large group of evolutionary related ion and lipid pumps that have in common that they catalyze a transient phosphorylated intermediate at a key conserved aspartate residue within the pump in order to ...
Papers of the Conference on Genetics of Aging and Longevity 2012
(2014)
The 2nd International Conference "Genetics of aging and longevity" took place 22-25 April, 2012 in the main building of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Top gerontologists and geneticists from 25 countries ...
Parkinson's Disease Cell Vulnerability and Disease Progression
(2015)
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects 1.5% of the global population over 65 years of age. The hallmark feature of this disease is the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars ...
Patient Engagement in Health and Well-Being: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives in Patient Centered Medicine
(2018)
At present citizens are more aware of their health and care rights and more literate about their disease. Furthermore the continuous development of technological and bio-medical solutions are alimenting the expectation for ...
Pathophysiology of the Basal Ganglia and Movement Disorders: Gaining New Insights from Modeling and Experimentation to Influence the Clinic
(2017)
The basal ganglia constitute a group of subcortical structures, highly interconnected among themselves, as well as with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other brain areas. These nuclei play a central role in the control ...
Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Sarcopenia in Aging and in Muscular Dystrophy: A Translational Approach
(2015)
Loss of muscle mass and increased fibrosis characterize both sarcopenia of aging and muscular dystrophy. Research is increasingly showing that these two conditions also share several pathophysiological mechanisms, including ...
Pathophysiology and epidemiology of virus-induced asthma
(2015)
Virus-caused asthma, we now call a phenotype of asthma. Regardless of the significance and popularity of this disease, the etiology of the virus-induced asthma have not well understood. In addition, a few effective vaccines ...
Physical Activity, Self-Regulation, and Executive Control Across the Lifespan
(2016)
There is overwhelming evidence linking increased physical activity with positive changes in cognitive functioning and brain health. Much of what we know about these interrelationships comes from aerobic exercise training ...
New Models of Care for Patients with Severe Mental Illness - Bridging In- and Outpatients
(2018)
Over the past years, psychiatric services have been continuously faced with the challenge of providing comprehensive care to people suffering from severe mental illnesses. Legal and conceptual advances like the UN convention ...
Novel clinical applications of extracellular vesicles
(2015)
During the last years, the research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has raised giving new insights into pathophysiology of several diseases. EVs are membrane-bound particles secreted by almost all cell types. Depending on ...
Novel insights in rehabilitation of neglect, 2nd Edition
(2015)
Hemispatial neglect is the failure to report, respond to, or orient to novel or meaningful stimuli presented in the contralesional visual field. It constitutes one of the most invalidating neurological disorders that can ...
Mathematics for Healthcare
(2018)
In 1996, and with extraordinary prescience, Panfilov and Holden had highlighted in their seminal book 'Computational Biology of the Heart' that biology was, potentially, the most mathematical of all sciences. Fast-forward ...
An Open Book: What and How Young Children Learn From Picture and Story Books
(2016)
Looking at and listening to picture and story books is a ubiquitous activity, frequently enjoyed by many young children and their parents. Well before children can read for themselves they are able to learn from books. ...
Optimizing Exercise for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
(2018)
This eBook contains a collection of peer-reviewed original and review articles published in either Frontiers in Endocrinology or Frontiers in Physiology focused on the research topic Optimizing Exercise for the Prevention ...
Pediatric Hypertension: Update
(2018)
Hypertension and its resultant complications do occur in childhood and track into adulthood. It’s estimated that > 3% of all children have hypertension, with an even greater prevalence among obese children (20-47%). The ...
Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism
(2018)
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs less often in children than adults and therefore remains underrecognized despite increasing in incidence. Due to the risk of mortality, short- and long-term morbidity, and increased ...
People - Marine Mammal Interactions
(2017)
Our relationships with marine mammals are complex. We have used them as resources, and in some places this remains the case; viewed them as competitors and culled them (again ongoing in some localities); been so captivated ...
Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) in Health and Disease
(2018)
In 1991, Soltis and Cassis (Clin Exp Hypertens A 1991 13:277-296) published the first paper that the fat tissue around an artery – perivascular adipose tissue or PVAT – changed how the artery contracted to norepinephrine. ...
Overlap of Neural Systems for Processing Language and Music
(2016)
The interplay between musical training and speech perception continues to intrigue researchers in the areas of language and music alike. Historically, language function has been attributed to brain regions localized ...
Palynology and Vegetation History
(2019)
This Research Topic commemorates the centenary of the first quantitative pollen diagram by Lennart von Post, the founder of paleoecological palynology. The main aim is to provide a thorough view of the use of palynology ...
Parenthood From Biology to Relation. Prevention, Assessment and Interventions for Developmental and Clinical Issues
(2018)
Parenthood represents a fundamental construct that identifies the quality of early adult-infant interactions. In both short and long period, relationships, as primary interactional experiences, have an essential role in ...
The Philosophy of Psychiatry and Biologism
(2014)
There has been an ongoing debate about the capabilities and limits of the bio-natural sciences as sources and the methodological measure in the philosophy of psychiatry for quite some time now. Still, many problems remain ...