Publications
Now showing items 1081-1140 of 1372
Regulatory RNAs in the Nervous System
(2015)
Until about a decade ago, the non-coding part of the genome was considered without function. RNA sequencing studies have shown, however, that a considerable part of the non-coding genome is transcribed and that these ...
Regulatory potential of post-translational modifications in bacteria
(2015)
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are widely employed by all living organisms to control the enzymatic activity, localization or stability of proteins on a much shorter time scale than the transcriptional control. ...
Remodeling of cardiac passive electrical properties and susceptibility to ventricular and atrial arrhythmias
(2015)
The effective management of cardiac arrhythmias, either of atrial or of ventricular origin, remains a major challenge. Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias remains the leading cause of death in ...
The Schistosomiasis Vaccine - It Is Time to Stand Up
(2015)
Schistosomiasis is a severe parasitic disease, endemic in 74 developing countries with up to 600 million people, including many children, infected and 800 million at risk of contracting the disease following infection with ...
Schizophrenia: A Consequence of Gene-Environment Interactions?
(2015)
Schizophrenia is a multi-factorial disease characterized by a high heritability and environmental risk factors (e.g. stress and cannabis use). In recent years, an increasing number of researchers worldwide have started ...
Secretion of Cytokines and Chemokines by Innate Immune Cells
(2015)
The release of cytokines, chemokines, and other immune-modulating mediators released from innate immune cells, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and epithelial cells, is an ...
Recent advances in γδ T cell biology: New ligands, new functions, and new translational perspectives
(2016)
Gamma/delta (γδ) T-cells are a small subset of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation but constitute a major T-cell population at other anatomical localizations such as the epithelial tissues. In contrast to conventional ...
Recent Advances of Epigenetics in Crop Biotechnology
(2016)
Epigenetics is a new field that explains gene expression at the chromatin structure and organization level. Three principal epigenetic mechanisms are known and hundreds of combinations among them can develop different ...
Recent Advances in the Study of the Host-Fungus Interaction
(2017)
Fungal infections represent nowadays a significant burden on the healthcare system of most of the countries, and are among the infections with the highest mortality rates. This has fostered the study of the interaction of ...
Retroviruses, retroelements and their restrictions
(2015)
Human retroviruses, HIV and HTLV have been recognized as important pathogens because of their association with lethal diseases such as AIDS and ATL. Considerable resources and efforts have been directed at understanding ...
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Targets
(2015)
Pancreatic Cancer has been and still is one of the deadliest types of human malignancies. The annual mortality rates almost equal incidence rates making this disease virtually universally fatal. The 5-year survival of ...
Role of Protein-Protein Interactions in Metabolism: Genetics, Structure, Function, 2nd Edition
(2018)
Genetic variations may change the structure and function of individual proteins as well as affect their interactions with other proteins and thereby impact metabolic processes dependent on protein-protein interactions. For ...
Role of Silicon in Plants
(2017)
Silicon (Si) is gaining increased attention in the farming sector because of its beneficial effects observed in several crop species, particularly under stress conditions. The magnitude of benefits is predominantly observed ...
Role of Protein-Protein Interactions in Metabolism: Genetics, Structure, Function
(2018)
Genetic variations may change the structure and function of individual proteins as well as affect their interactions with other proteins and thereby impact metabolic processes dependent on protein-protein interactions. For ...
The Role of Primary Motor Cortex as a Marker for and Modulator of Pain Control and Emotional-Affective Processing
(2017)
The sensory and motor cortical homunculi proposed by Walter Penfield were a major landmark for the anatomical mapping of the brain. More than 60 years after, the development of new tools to investigate brain function ...
The Role of Play in Child Assessment and Intervention
(2017)
Play is a ubiquitous and universal aspect of early childhood. Although it may take different forms throughout development and across cultures, decades of research have found play to be related to important, positive outcomes. ...
The regulation of angiogenesis by tissue cell-macrophage interactions
(2014)
Angiogenesis is the physiological process where new blood vessels grow from existing ones, in order to replenish tissues suffering from inadequate blood supply. Perhaps the most studied angiogenic process occurs in solid ...
Regulation and targeting of enzymes mediating Parkinson's disease pathogenesis: focus on Parkinson's disease Kinases, GTPases and ATPases
(2015)
Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a priority in biomedical research and a pre-requisite to improve early disease diagnosis and ultimately to developing disease-modifying strategies. ...
Regulation of Cell Fate Determination in Plants
(2014)
Plants are made up of a large number of distinct cell types that originate from a single fertilized egg cell. How the diversity of cell types arise in appropriate places is one of the most fascinating and attractive research ...
The regulated secretory pathway in neuroendocrine cells
(2014)
The regulated secretory pathway is a hallmark of neuroendocrine cells. This process comprises many sequential steps, which include ER-associated protein synthesis, post-translational modification of proteins in the Golgi ...
Research Methods Pedagogy: Engaging Psychology Students in Research Methods and Statistics
(2016)
Research methods and statistics are central to the development of professional competence and evidence based psychological practice. Furthermore, the ability to interpret and apply research findings contributes to the ...
Scents that matter - from olfactory stimuli to genes, behaviors and beyond
(2016)
Scents can carry a lot of important information about the environment, conspecifics and other species. While some of these scents are positively related, as the odor of food, mating partners, or familiar conspecifics, other ...
The Search for Biological Active Agent(s) From Actinobacteria
(2018)
There is a large market demand for new drugs. The existing chronic or common ailments without cures, development of new diseases with unknown causes, and the widespread existence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, have ...
Searching for Immune Tolerance Manipulating New Molecules and Exploiting New Concepts on Lymphocyte Biology
(2016)
The break on immune tolerance is a common point between autoimmune diseases and the uncontrolled effector immune responses against allo-antigens in transplantation. Among the past years, several approaches to restore a ...
Recent Advances in Acidophile Microbiology: Fundamentals and Applications
(2017)
There is considerable interest in pure and applied studies of extremophilic microorganisms, including those (acidophiles) that are active in low pH environments. As elsewhere in microbiology, this is a fast-developing ...
Recent Advances and Challenges on Big Data Analysis in Neuroimaging
(2017)
Big data is revolutionizing our ability to measure and study the human brain. New technology increases the resolution of images that are being study as well as enables researchers to study the brain as it functions. These ...
Recombinant protein expression in microbial systems
(2014)
With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, expressing heterologous proteins in microorganisms rapidly became the method of choice for their production at laboratory and industrial scale. Bacteria, yeasts and other hosts ...
Reversible Ubiquitylation in Plant Biology
(2015)
Reversible ubiquitylation plays an important regulatory role in almost all aspects of cellular and organismal processes in plants. Its pervasive regulatory role in plant biology is primarily due to the involvement of a ...
Reward Processing in Motivational and Affective Disorders
(2016)
Preferential reward processing is the hallmark of addiction, where salient cues become overvalued and trigger compulsion. In depression, rewards appear to lose their incentive properties or become devalued. In the context ...
Reward- and aversion-related processing in the brain: translational evidence for separate and shared circuits
(2016)
Affective brain circuits underpin our moods and emotions. Appetitive and aversive stimuli from our exteroceptive and interoceptive worlds play a key role in the activity of these circuits, but we still do not know precisely ...
The Role of Aire, microRNAs and Cell-Cell Interactions on Thymic Architecture and Induction of Tolerance
(2016)
The focus of this eBook is to bring new insights into central immune tolerance. To fulfill that, much has been discussed about the master in the regulation of tolerance, the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene the main thymus ...
The role of body and environment in cognition
(2014)
Recent evidence has shown many ways in which our bodies and the environment influence cognition. In this Research Topic we aim to develop our understanding of cognition by considering the diverse and dynamic relationship ...
Role and prevalence of antibiosis and the related resistance genes in the environment
(2015)
It becomes increasingly clear that the basis of antibiotic resistance problem among bacterial pathogens is not confined to the borders of clinical microbiology but has broader ecological and evolutionary associations. This ...
The Role of AAA+ Proteins in Protein Repair and Degradation
(2018)
ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities (AAA+) comprise a superfamily of proteins that are defined by the presence of the AAA+ domain containing canonical Walker A and B motifs required for ATP binding and ...
The role of arginase in endothelial dysfunction
(2015)
In recent years, an increasing number of manuscripts have been published addressing the deleterious role of arginase in endothelial dysfunction. ROS have been shown to play a crucial role in arginase activation, which in ...
The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications
(2014)
The main causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetes are macrovasular and microvascular complications, including atherosclerosis, nephropathy, and retinopathy. As the definition of atherosclerosis as a chronic, smoldering, ...
The Role of Working Memory and Executive Function in Communication under Adverse Conditions
(2016)
Communication is vital for social participation. However, communication often takes place under suboptimal conditions. This makes communication harder and less reliable, leading at worst to social isolation. In order to ...
The role of viable but non-infectious developmental forms in chlamydial biology
(2014)
The chlamydiae are Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria with a complex developmental cycle comprising a metabolically less-active, infectious stage, the elementary body (EB), and a metabolically more active stage, ...
Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease
(2016)
Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic ...
The Role of the Plasminogen Activating System in Neurobiology
(2017)
This ebook contains a series of original publications, reviews and mini-reviews by leaders in the field that address the growing importance of the plasminogen activating system in neurobiology. The articles included cover ...
Regulation of Inflammation; Its Resolution and Therapeutic Targeting
(2018)
Inflammation is a fundamental protective mechanism and at the same time the driving force of a variety of major diseases in humans. Indeed, acute self-resolving inflammation usually plays a positive role for the host, as ...
Regulation of Tissue Responses: The TWEAK/Fn14 Pathway and other TNF/ TNFR Superfamily Members that Activate Noncanonical NFkB Signaling
(2016)
The immune system mediates tissue responses under both physiological and pathological conditions, impacting the inflammatory, fibrogenic and regenerative components. In addition to various leukocyte subsets, it is now ...
Regulation of immune system cell functions by protein kinase C
(2014)
Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of Ser/Thr kinases are encoded by nine distinct but closely related genes, which give rise to more than 12 different protein isoforms via a mechanism of alternative RNA splicing. ...
Regulation of Endurance Performance: New Frontiers
(2017)
Successful endurance performance requires the integration of multiple physiological and psychological systems, working together to regulate exercise intensity in a way that will reduce time taken or increase work done. The ...
Regulation of red cell life-span, erythropoiesis, senescence and clearance
(2014)
Human red blood cells are formed mainly in the bone marrow and are believed to have an average life span of approximately 120 days. However, is it true for all red blood cells? What are the changes associated with red cell ...
Relevance of Translational Regulation on Plant Growth and Environmental Responses
(2018)
Plants, as sessile organisms, are exposed to a large array of challenging external and internal alterations that may restrict plant growth. These limiting growth conditions activate plant signalling responses which eventually ...
Repetitive Structures in Biological Sequences: Algorithms and Applications
(2016)
Repetitive structures in biological sequences are emerging as an active focus of research and the unifying concept of "repeatome" (the ensemble of knowledge associated with repeating structures in genomic/proteomic sequences) ...
Recent advances in Pancreatology
(2014)
Pancreatic diseases include intractable ones including acute and chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. In recent years, great advances have been made in the field of pancreatology, including the pathogenesis, ...
Recent advances and the future generation of neuroinformatics infrastructure
(2015)
The huge volume of multi-modal neuroimaging data across different neuroscience communities has posed a daunting challenge to traditional methods of data sharing, data archiving, data processing and data analysis. ...
Rio, Tokyo Paralympic Games and beyond: How to Prepare Athletes with Motor Disabilities for Peaking
(2017)
In 1960, the 9th Annual International Stoke Mandeville Games were supported, for the first time, by the Italian Olympic Committee. Taking place six days after the Closing Ceremony of the XVII Olympic Games, the paralympic ...
Role of Health Economic Data in Policy Making and Reimbursement of New Medical Technologies
(2017)
This Research Topic was focused on provision of novel medical technologies worldwide keeping in mind financial sustainability challenge. An exemplary area certainly are oncology pharmaceuticals where prices have increased ...
The Role of Glia in Plasticity and Behavior
(2015)
Glial cells are no longer considered passive bystanders in neuronal brain circuits. Not only are they required for housekeeping and brain metabolism, they are active participants in regulating the physiological function ...
Role of lipids in virus assembly
(2015)
RNA enveloped viruses comprise several families belonging to plus and minus strand RNA viruses, such as retroviruses, flavoviruses and orthomyxoviruses. Viruses utilize cellular lipids during critical steps of replication ...
Role of Intravenous Levetiracetam in Acute Seizure Management
(2014)
Intractable epilepsy still remains the main issue despite new advances in medical and surgical treatment of epilepsy. Acute seizure management in a timely manner is crucial to prevent irreversible brain damage. Benzodiazepines ...
The Role of Iron in Bacterial Pathogenesis
(2018)
The collection of articles published in this eBook represent different facets of the interactions between pathogens and their host concerning the battle for iron. Pathogens have developed different strategies to acquire ...
Representation in the Brain
(2018)
This eBook contains ten articles on the topic of representation of abstract concepts, both simple and complex, at the neural level in the brain. Seven of the articles directly address the main competing theories of mental ...
School Achievement and Failure in Portuguese and Spanish Speaking Countries
(2018)
This book is devoted to an increasingly important educational problem in the modern societies: school achievement and failure. School failure is presently a problem in developed as well as in developing countries. In the ...
Sea Level Variability and Change
(2017)
In June 2015 we held a workshop on the beautiful island of Mallorca, Spain with a focus on sea level variability and change. Over 120 sea level experts from around the world attended this workshop, from a range of different ...
Sedentary Behaviour in Human Health and Disease
(2018)
Sedentary behaviour – too much sitting as distinct from too little physical activity – is now recognised as an independent risk factor for several health outcomes and premature mortality. This is problematic as technological ...
Self-Organization in the Nervous System
(2017)
This special issue reviews state-of-the-art approaches to the biophysical roots of cognition. These approaches appeal to the notion that cognitive capacities serve to optimize responses to changing external conditions. ...