Publications
Now showing items 801-840 of 1372
Neurodegeneration: From Genetics to Molecules
(2016)
Chronic degenerative diseases are one of the major public health problems, particularly those affecting the nervous system. They are characterized by the degeneration of specific cell populations that include several ...
Neuroanatomy for the XXIst Century
(2016)
An explosion of new techniques with vastly improved visualization and sensitivity is leading a veritable revolution in modern neuroanatomy. Basic questions related to cell types, input localization, and connectivity are ...
The neurobiology of emotion-cognition interactions
(2015)
There is increasing interest in understanding the interplay of emotional and cognitive processes. The objective of the Research Topic was to provide an interdisciplinary survey of cutting-edge neuroscientific research on ...
Neuroanatomy of Human Brain Development
(2017)
The human brain is extraordinary complex and yet its origin is a simple tubular structure. Rapid and dramatic structural growth takes place during the fetal and perinatal period. By the time of birth, a repertoire of major ...
Neurobiological circuit function and computation of the serotonergic and related systems
(2015)
Serotonin is one of the oldest neurotransmitters in evolutionary terms, and the serotonergic system is complex and multifaceted. Serotonin-producing neurons in the raphe nuclei provide serotonin innervations throughout ...
Neuroendocrine mechanisms that connect feeding behavior and stress
(2015)
Research during the past decade highlights the strong link between appetitive feeding behavior, reward and motivation. Interestingly, stress levels can affect feeding behavior by manipulating hypothalamic circuits and brain ...
Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
(2018)
The mesothelium is composed by a single layer of mesothelial cells that vest the serosal cavities (pleural, peritoneal and pericardial) and internal organs of the body. The mesothelial cells have a mixed phenotype of ...
The Metaphorical Brain
(2016)
Metaphor has been an issue of intense research and debate for decades (see, for example [1]). Researchers in various disciplines, including linguistics, psychology, computer science, education, and philosophy have developed ...
Metastable Dynamics of Neural Ensembles
(2018)
A classical view of neural computation is that it can be characterized in terms of convergence to attractor states or sequential transitions among states in a noisy background. After over three decades, is this still a ...
Microbiota of Grapes: Positive and Negative Role on Wine Quality
(2017)
During spontaneous food/beverage fermentations, the microbiota associated with the raw material has a considerable importance: this microbial consortium evolves in reason of the nutrient content and of the physical, chemical, ...
Microbiotechnology Based Surfactants and Their Applications
(2016)
Biosurfactants are structurally diverse group of bioactive molecules produced by a variety of microorganisms. They are secondary metabolites that accumulate at interfaces, reduce surface tension and form micellar aggregates. ...
Microenvironment-Derived Stem Cell Plasticity
(2017)
Plasticity is the hallmark of stem cells. At the same time, stem cells, like any other cell type, are influenced by their microenvironment and respond to it accordingly. A specific microenvironment is defined by a variety ...
Marine Biomolecules
(2015)
Oceans include the greatest extremes of pressure, temperature and light, and habitats can range from tropical waters to ocean trenches, several kilometers below sea level at high pressure. With its 70% of the surface of ...
Multisensory and sensorimotor interactions in speech perception
(2015)
Speech is multisensory since it is perceived through several senses. Audition is the most important one as speech is mostly heard. The role of vision has long been acknowledged since many articulatory gestures can be seen ...
Multisensory Perception And Action: Psychophysics, Neural Mechanisms, And Applications
(2015)
Our senses are not separated. Information received from one sensory modality may be linked with, or distorted by information provided from another modality, such as in the ventriloquism illusion and experiences of crossmodal ...
Multisensor Systems for Analysis of Liquids and Gases: Trends and Developments
(2019)
Nowadays the application of multisensor systems for the analysis of liquids and gases is becoming more and more popular in analytical chemistry. Such systems, also known as “electronic tongues” and “electronic noses” are ...
Multitasking: Executive Functioning in Dual-Task and Task Switching Situations
(2018)
Multitasking refers to performance of multiple tasks. The most prominent types of multitasking are situations including either temporal overlap of the execution of multiple tasks (i.e., dual tasking) or executing multiple ...
Multisensory Integration in Action Control
(2014)
The integration of multisensory information is an essential mechanism in perception and in controlling actions. Research in multisensory integration is concerned with how the information from the different sensory modalities, ...
Multisensory Integration: Brain, Body and the World
(2016)
Behaviour, language, and reasoning are expressions of neural functions par excellence, as the brain must draw on sensory modalities to gather information on the rest of the body and on the outer world. Cortical areas ...
Multisensory Human-Food Interaction
(2018)
Our food experiences can be significantly influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic multisensory information. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and apply the principles that govern the systematic connections that ...
Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer
(2018)
The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and ...
Molecular Diagnostics in the Detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders
(2017)
Neurodegeneration is characterized by the progressive loss of neural tissue that result in various neurodegeneration-initiated cerebral failures and complex diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ...
Molecular Dynamics at the Immunological Synapse
(2017)
The immunological synapse (IS) is a specialised cell-cell adhesion that mediates antigen acquisition and regulates the activation of lymphocytes. Initial studies of the IS showed a structure composed of stable supra-molecular ...
Molecular Ecology and Genetic Diversity of the Roseobacter Clade
(2018)
Marine bacteria and archaea are key players in the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, carbon, and other elements. One important lineage of marine bacteria is the Roseobacter group. Members of this clade are the most ...
Neural Implementations of Expertise
(2015)
When we think about expertise, we usually consider people who master tasks at a level not reachable by most other people. Although we rarely realise it, however, most humans are experts in many aspects of everyday life. ...
Neural circuits underlying emotion and motivation: Insights from optogenetics and pharmacogenetics
(2015)
Application of optogenetic and pharmacogenetic tools to study the neural circuits underlying emotional valence, feeding, arousal and motivated behaviors has provided crucial insights into brain function. Expression of light ...
Neural information processing with dynamical synapses
(2014)
Experimental data have consistently revealed that the neuronal connection weight, which models the efficacy of the firing of a pre-synaptic neuron in modulating the state of a post-synaptic one, varies on short time scales, ...
Neural Circuitry of Behavioral Flexibility: Dopamine and Related Systems
(2016)
Decades of research have identified a role for dopamine neurotransmission in prefrontal cortical function and flexible cognition. Abnormal dopamine neurotransmission underlies many cases of cognitive dysfunction. New ...
Neural Computation in Embodied Closed-Loop Systems for the Generation of Complex Behavior: From Biology to Technology
(2018)
How can neural and morphological computations be effectively combined and realized in embodied closed-loop systems (e.g., robots) such that they can become more like living creatures in their level of performance? Understanding ...
Neural and Synaptic Defects in Autism Spectrum Disorders
(2015)
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired reciprocal social interactions and communication, and restricted and repetitive ...
Neural basis of social learning, social deciding, and other-regarding preferences
(2015)
Humans and many other social animals decide, or learn when necessary, what to do in a given social situation by assessing a range of variables related to social states (e.g., competitive or cooperative), others’ overt ...
Neural Circuits: Japan
(2015)
This Frontiers Research Topic on ‘Neural Circuits: Japan’ explores the diversity of neural circuit research occurring across Japan by innovative researchers using cutting-edge approaches. This issue has brought together ...
Neural Circuits Revealed
(2015)
Deciphering anatomical and functional maps in the nervous system is a main challenge for both clinical and basic neuroscience. Modern approaches to mark and manipulate neurons are bringing us closer than ever to better ...
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in functional research of prefrontal cortex
(2016)
This e-book includes the latest outcomes produced by a broad range of fNIRS research with activation of prefrontal cortex, from methodological one to clinical one, providing a forum for scientists planning functional studies ...
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Recent Advances in Infant Speech Perception and Language Acquisition Research
(2015)
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a novel and increasingly popular optical imaging technique that has revolutionarized brain research in the youngest developmental populations. After nearly a decade of technological ...
Oncolytic Viruses - Genetically Engineering the Future of Cancer Therapy
(2017)
The ability to genetically engineer oncolytic viruses in order to minimize side effects and improve the selective targeting of tumor cells has opened up novel opportunities for treating cancer. Understanding the mechanisms ...
Metal economy in host-microbe interactions
(2015)
From simple inorganic catalysts to vital biological cofactors, divalent transition metals are instrumental to electron transfers, catalysis and signaling. Their natural ability to bind, exchange and react with organic ...
Metal Biology Takes Flight: The Study of Metal Homeostasis and Detoxification in Insects
(2018)
Metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc are clearly required for proper metabolism and development, while imbalances can lead to systemic dysfunction and disease. As a result, organisms have evolved complex genetic ...
Methodological Quality of Interventions in Psychology
(2017)
Evaluations of intervention programs seek to present high-quality design, measures and data to assess their merit and worth. While evaluations differ in their purpose, theoretical framework and methodology, their collective ...
Microbial and Environmental Factors in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases
(2017)
In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the number of diseases with the inflammatory component such as such as allergy, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowl disease (IBD, which includes ulcerative ...