Publications
Now showing items 201-300 of 1372
Body, space and pain
(2014)
There is growing interest in understanding how the perception of pain (and touch) is influenced by the way we represent our body and the space surrounding it. Recent views argue that pain can only be understood in a larger ...
Brain Cholinergic Mechanisms
(2016)
Much of our understanding of brain physiology has focused on what one might call, first order processes. These essentially include the primary synaptic mechanisms underlying excitation (mainly glutamate) and inhibition ...
Brain Development and the Attention Spectrum
(2015)
Early-onset and enduring developmental deficits in attention, especially if combined with increased hyperactivity, and impulsivity, may result in constant impairments in multiple domains of personal life. The full spectrum ...
Brain Networks in Aging: Reorganization and Modulation by Interventions
(2018)
Old adults undertake multiple reduced cognitive abilities in aging, which are accompanied with specific brain reorganization in forms of regional brain activity and brain tissues, inter-region connectivity, and topology ...
Brain Reward & Stress Systems in Addiction
(2015)
Addiction to drugs and alcohol is a dynamic and multi-faceted disease process in humans, with devastating health and financial consequences for the individual and society-at-large. In humans, drug and alcohol use disorders ...
Brain Oscillations in Human Communication
(2018)
Brain oscillations, or neural rhythms, reflect widespread functional connections between large-scale neural networks, as well as within cortical networks. As such they have been related to many aspects of human behaviour. ...
Brain Connectivity in Autism
(2014)
The brain's ability to process information crucially relies on connectivity. Understanding how the brain processes complex information and how such abilities are disrupted in individuals with neuropsychological disorders ...
Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn
(2017)
Predictive coding (PC) is a neurocognitive concept, according to which the brain does not process the whole qualia of external information, but only residual mismatches occurring between incoming information and an individual, ...
Brain Injury as a Neurodegenerative Disorder
(2017)
It has been long assumed that following the resolution of acute injuries, traumatic brain injury represents a stable neural entity. However, there is growing evidence that a single moderate-severe brain injury may instead ...
The Chemistry of Imaging Probes
(2018)
Over the past decades, the field of molecular imaging has been rapidly growing involving multiple disciplines such as medicine, biology, chemistry, pharmacology and biomedical engineering. Any molecular imaging procedure ...
Chemokines and chemokine receptors in brain homeostasis
(2015)
Virtually involved in all pathologies that present an inflammatory component, it is now evident that, in the central nervous system, chemokines and chemokine receptors possess pleiotropic properties beyond chemotaxis: ...
Colour and Form Perception: Straddling the Boundary
(2016)
Starting from psychophysics, over the last 50 years, most progress in unravelling the mechanisms of color vision has been made through the study of single cell responses, mainly in LGN and striate cortex. A similar development ...
Color Vision Sensation and Perception
(2016)
Color vision is considered a microcosm of the visual science. Special physiological and psychological processes make this scientific topic an intriguing and complex research field that can aggregates around molecular ...
Computers and Games for Mental Health and Well-Being
(2018)
Recent years have seen important developments in the computer and game industry, including the emergence of the concept of serious games. It is hypothesized that tools such as games, virtual reality, or applications for ...
Coronal Magnetometry
(2017)
Magnetism defines the complex and dynamic solar corona. It determines the magnetic loop structure that dominates images of the corona, and stores the energy necessary to drive coronal eruptive phenomena and flare explosions. ...
Chocolate and Health: Friend or Foe?
(2018)
In the ancient past, cocoa has been appreciated as a high-calorie food to boost energy in soldiers and for its undefined medicinal and mystical properties. During other times, chocolate has been considered as the forbidden ...
Biomass Modification, Characterization and Process Monitoring Analytics to Support Biofuel and Biomaterial Production
(2016)
The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into renewable fuels and other commodities has provided an appealing alternative towards supplanting global dependence on fossil fuels. The suitability of multitudes of plants for ...
Bridging the gap before and after birth: Methods and technologies to explore the functional neural development in humans
(2015)
Infant brain damage is a serious condition that affects millions of babies each year. The period from late gestation to the first year of life is the most critical one for the development of central and autonomous nervous ...
Bridging Reading Aloud and Speech Production
(2016)
For decades, human cognition involved in reading aloud and speech production has been investigated extensively (a quote search of the two in google scholar produces about 83,000 and 255,000 results, respectively). This ...
Bridging Music Informatics with Music Cognition
(2018)
Music informatics is an interdisciplinary research area that encompasses data driven approaches to the analysis, generation, and retrieval of music. In the era of big data, two goals weigh heavily on many research agendas ...
Components of the language-ready brain
(2016)
This volume highlights new avenues of research in the language sciences, and particularly, in the neurobiology of language. The term “language-ready brain” stresses, on the one hand, the importance of a brain-based description ...
Cooperative Adaptations and Evolution in Plant-Microbe Systems
(2018)
Ecological and evolutionary genetics of plant-microbe interactions is of high importance for developing the plant science since the plants originated symbiotically (via incorporation of a phototrophic cyanobacterium into ...
The chronic challenge - new vistas on long-term multisite contacts to the central nervous system
(2015)
Have you ever heard of a Hype-Cycle? It is a description that was put forward by an IT consultancy firm to describe certain phenomena that happen within the life cycle of new technology products. As Fenn and Raskino stated ...
Chronic inflammation in conditions associated with a deficient clearance of dying and dead cells, their remnants, and intracellular constituents
(2015)
In multicellular organisms, states with a high degree of tissue turnover like embryogenesis, development, and adult tissue homeostasis need an instantaneous, tightly regulated and immunologically silent clearance of these ...
Chromatin & Transcriptional Tango on the Immune Dance Floor
(2015)
Signaling through the cell surface antigen receptor is a hallmark of various stages of lymphocyte development and adaptive immunity. Besides the adaptive immune system, the innate immunity is equally important for protection. ...
Deciphering serotonin's role in neurodevelopment
(2014)
One of the most challenging questions in neurobiology to tackle is how the serotonergic system steers neurodevelopment. With the increase in serotonergic anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, serotonin was thought to signal ...
Decision-Making Experiments under Philosophical Analysis: Human Choice as a Challenge for Neuroscience
(2015)
This introduction just aims to be a fast foreword to the special topic now turned into an e-book. The Editorial "Decision-Making Experiments under a Philosophical Analysis: Human Choice as a Challenge for Neuroscience" ...
Decision making under uncertainty
(2015)
Most decisions in life are based on incomplete information and have uncertain consequences. To successfully cope with real-life situations, the nervous system has to estimate, represent and eventually resolve uncertainty ...
Diversity and Universality in Causal Cognition
(2017)
Causality is one of the core concepts in any attempt to make sense of the world, and the explanations people come up with shape their judgments, emotions, intentions and actions. This renders causal cognition a core topic ...
Developments in Bovine Immunology - An Integrated View
(2015)
The world’s population is predicted to hit 9 Billion by 2050, and with it food demand is predicted to increase substantially. The World Bank estimates that cereal and meat production needs to increase by 50% and 85% ...
Development of the Hypothalamus
(2015)
The hypothalamus is the region of the brain in charge of the maintenance of the internal milieu of the organism. It is also essential to orchestrate reproductive, parental, aggressive-defensive, and other social behaviors, ...
Developmental, Modal, and Pathological Variation Linguistic and Cognitive Profiles for Speakers of Linguistically Proximal Languages and Varieties
(2018)
One significant area of research in the multifaceted field of bilingualism over the past two decades has been the demonstration, validation, and account of the so-called ‘bilingual advantage’. This refers to the hypothesis ...
Development of Microbial Ecological Theory: Stability, Plasticity, and Evolution of Microbial Ecosystems
(2017)
“How can we develop microbial ecological theory?” The development of microbial ecological theory has a long way to reach its goal. Advances in microbial ecological techniques provide novel insights into microbial ecosystems. ...
Dynamics of Sensorimotor Interactions in Embodied Cognition
(2016)
We interact with our environment through perception and action. Perception is based on sensory components while actions are based on motor components. It is commonly accepted that these sensorimotor components constitute ...
Ecology, Virulence and Detection of Pathogenic and Pandemic Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
(2016)
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram negative, halophilic bacterium that occurs in the coastal and estuarine environments worldwide and is implicated in several cases of seafood-born gastroenteritis around the globe. However, ...
The Claustrum: charting a way forward for the brain's most mysterious nucleus
(2015)
The claustrum is a long, band-like grey matter structure situated in the ventrolateral telencephalon of most, if not all, mammalian brains. Due to its shape and close proximity to white matter structures and insular cortex, ...
Electrochemically Active Microorganisms
(2018)
Microbial electrochemical systems (MESs, also known as bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are promising technologies for energy and products recovery coupled with wastewater treatment, and have attracted increasing attention. ...
Dendritic Cell Control of Immune Responses
(2016)
Dendritic cells (DC) are among the first cells to encounter pathogens and damage in peripheral tissues and, upon activation, DC migrate to lymph nodes where they activate and educate T cells to initiate and shape the immune ...
Dendritic spines: From shape to function
(2016)
One fundamental requisite for a comprehensive view on brain function and cognition is the understanding of the neuronal network activity of the brain. Neurons are organized into complex networks, interconnected through ...
Current Trends of Insect Physiology and Population Dynamics: Modeling Insect Phenology, Demography, and Circadian Rhythms in Variable Environments
(2018)
The current eBook collection includes substantial scientific work in describing how insect species are responding to abiotic factors and recent climatic trends on the basis of insect physiology and population dynamics. The ...
Disclosure Within HIV-Affected Families
(2018)
While HIV/AIDS is a global public heath challenge, its impact is arguably greatest in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where new infections account for approximately 66% of the total number of HIV-positive persons globally. ...
Dynamics of Joint-Action, Social Coordination and Multi-Agent Activity
(2018)
Coordinating one’s behavior with the behavior of other individuals is a fundamental feature of everyday social interaction. A defining feature of such behavior is that it is dynamic, that is, it evolves over time. This is ...
Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief
(2014)
At the core of the many debates throughout cognitive science concerning how decisions are made are the processes governing the time course of preference formation and decision. From perceptual choices, such as whether the ...
Dynamics of cyclic nucleotide signaling in neurons
(2015)
Cyclic nucleotides control a number of neuronal properties including neuronal differentiation, pathfinding, regulation of excitability and synaptic transmission, and control of gene expression. Signaling events mediated ...
Dopaminergic Foundations of Personality and Individual Differences
(2015)
For several decades, theory and research has drawn links between dopaminergic neurotransmission and various aspects of personality and individual differences, as well as major personality processes. Recent increases in the ...
Dissecting the function of networks underpinning language repetition
(2014)
In the 19th century, ground-breaking observations on aphasia by Broca and Wernicke suggested that language function depends on the activity of the cerebral cortex. At the same time, Wernicke and Lichtheim also elaborated ...
Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains
(2016)
The cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of neuronal information transfer and processing. It controls a plethora of fundamental processes, including transmitter release and the induction of ...
Development of executive function during childhood
(2016)
Executive function refers to the goal-oriented regulation of one’s own thoughts, actions, and emotions. Its importance is attested by its contribution to the development of other cognitive skills (e.g., theory of mind), ...
The Development of Animal Personality
(2017)
Although the topic of animal personality has recently generated much interest, the role of development is little understood. This collection of papers deals with the development of animal personality. Topics include the ...
Drug Development for Parasite-Induced Diarrheal Diseases
(2017)
One of the top four contributors to the global burden of disease is diarrheal infections. Intestinal parasites are major causes of morbidity and mortality associated with diarrheal diseases in both the developed and ...
Dynamic systems theory and embodiment in psychotherapy research. A new look at process and outcome
(2016)
In an attempt to cease from reducing the world and its phenomena to linear modeling and analytic dissection, Dynamic Systems Theories (DST) and Embodiment theories and methods aim to account for the complex, dynamic, and ...
A dynamic interplay between membranes and the cytoskeleton critical for cell development and signaling
(2014)
Various cellular processes underlying plant development and response to environmental cues rely on a dynamic interplay between membranes and the cytoskeleton, e.g. vesicle and organelle trafficking, endocytosis, exocytosis, ...
Dynamic Personality Science. Integrating Between-Person Stability and Within-Person Change
(2017)
Personality can be understood from at least two perspectives. One focuses on stable, between-person differences, or traits. The other perspective focuses on within-person differences and dynamics, i.e., fluctuations in ...
Dendritic Cell and Macrophage Nomenclature and Classification
(2016)
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) comprises dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes and macrophages (MØs) that together play crucial roles in tissue immunity and homeostasis, but also contribute to a broad spectrum of ...
Current Research and Emerging Directions in Emotion-Cognition Interactions
(2015)
Emotion can impact various aspects of our cognition and behavior, by enhancing or impairing them (e.g., enhanced attention to and memory for emotional events, or increased distraction produced by goal-irrelevant emotional ...
Current Progress and Challenges in the Development of a Hepatitis C Virus Vaccine
(2019)
More than 70 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus, a major cause of liver cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma world-wide. In the last decade, this cancer has emerged as the second ...
Diverse functions of mucosal resident memory T cells
(2015)
Early studies recognized the unique phenotype and attributes of T cells found in mucosal tissues, such as the intestines, skin, lung and female reproductive tract. This special topic issue will cover many aspects of ...
Drug-Diagnostics Co-Development in Oncology
(2014)
The idea of combining drugs and diagnostics in oncology is not new. When the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen was developed in the 1970’s for the treatment of breast cancer a positive correlation between ...
Drug Repositioning: Current Advances and Future Perspectives
(2019)
Drug repositioning is the process of identifying new indications for existing drugs. At present, the conventional de novo drug discovery process requires an average of about 14 years and US$2.5 billion to approve and launch ...
Eastern Philosophies and Psychology: Towards Psychology of Self-Cultivation
(2017)
The publication of this book, East Asian Philosophies and Psychology: Towards Psychology of Self-cultivation, signifies an important breakthrough for the indigenization movements of psychology which have happened in many ...
DNA, statistics and the law: a cross-disciplinary approach to forensic inference
(2014)
From ABO typing during the first half of the 20th century, to the use of enzymes and protein contained in blood serums and finally direct DNA typing, biology has been serving forensic purposes for many decades. Statistics, ...
Do Both Psychopathology and Creativity Result from a Labile Wake-Sleep-Dream Cycle?
(2017)
Laypeople think of wake, sleep and dreaming as distinct states of the mind/brain but “in-between”, hybrid states are recognized. For example, day-dreaming or, more scientifically, the default network occurs during wake. ...
The CXCR4 Ligand/Receptor Family and the DPP4 Protease in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients
(2016)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, putting a major burden on life quality and social health care systems. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease ...
Cyanobacteria: The Green E. coli
(2016)
As the world struggles to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and curb greenhouse gas emissions, industrial biotechnology is also ‘going green.’ Escherichia coli has long been used as a model Gram-negative bacterium, not ...
Dialogues in Music Therapy and Music Neuroscience: Collaborative Understanding Driving Clinical Advances
(2017)
Music is a complex, dynamic stimulus with an un-paralleled ability to stimulate a global network of neural activity involved in attention, emotion, memory, communication, motor co-ordination and cognition. As such, it ...
Distributed Networks: New Outlooks on Cerebellar Function
(2015)
Accumulating evidence suggests that the cerebellum subserves functions beyond the sensorimotor realm. This possibility has received considerable attention during the past quarter century, with recent findings revealing ...
Circulation Weather types as a tool in atmospheric, climate and environmental research
(2015)
Classifications of circulation weather systems have a long history in meteorology and climatology. Starting with manual classifications over specific regions of the globe, these tools (generally called “catalogs of synoptic ...
Dual role of microglia in health and disease: pushing the balance towards repair
(2015)
Microglial cells play a vital role in the innate immune response occurring in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Under physiologic conditions, microglia dynamically patrol the brain parenchyma and participate in the remodeling ...
Dual-Use Life Science Research and Biosecurity in the 21st Century: Social, Technical, Policy, and Ethical Challenges
(2015)
In September 2011, scientists announced new experimental findings that would not only threaten the conduct and publication of influenza research, but would have significant policy and intelligence implications. The findings ...
Early and late selection: Effects of load, dilution and salience
(2014)
Our visual system is constantly bombarded by a variety of stimuli, of which only a small part is relevant to the task at hand. As a result, goal-directed behavior requires a high degree of selectivity at some point in the ...
DNA helicases: expression, functions and clinical implications
(2015)
Helicases are the proteins that bind to double- or single-stranded DNA and/or RNA chains to unwind higher order structures, usually consuming energy from the hydrolysis of ATP molecules. The biological roles of helicases ...
DNA Polymerases in Biotechnology
(2015)
DNA polymerases are core tools for molecular biology including PCR, whole genome amplification, DNA sequencing and genotyping. Research has focused on discovery of novel DNA polymerases, characterization of DNA polymerase ...
Developing synaesthesia
(2015)
Synaesthesia is a condition in which a stimulus elicits an additional subjective experience. For example, the letter E printed in black (the inducer) may trigger an additional colour experience as a concurrent (e.g., blue). ...
Developing Stem Cell-Based Therapies For Neural Repair
(2015)
Current pharmacotherapies and surgical intervention provide limited benefit in the treatment of neural injuries or halting disease progression and has resulted in significant hope for the successes of stem cell research. ...
Diacylglycerol Kinase Signalling
(2017)
Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DG), catalyzing its conversion into phosphatidic acid (PA). This reaction attenuates membrane DG levels, limiting the localization/activation of signaling proteins ...
Dysregulation of Autonomic Cardiac Control by Traumatic Stress and Anxiety
(2016)
Current understanding of the interplay between sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on cardiac response to environmental stimuli and subsequent response selection (e.g. maintenance of resting homeostasis, mobilization ...
The Economics of Protected Marine Species: Concepts in Research and Management
(2016)
Protected marine species have populations that are depleted, decreasing, or are at-risk of extinction or local extirpation. As of 2015 The International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a global environmental organization, ...
Climate change and marine top predators
(2016)
Climate change affects all components of marine ecosystems. For endothermic top predators, i.e. seabirds and marine mammals, these impacts are often complex and mediated through trophic relationships. In this Research ...
Dental and Periodontal Tissues Formation and Regeneration: Current Approaches and Future Challenges
(2016)
Sequential and reciprocal interactions between oral epithelial and cranial neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells give rise to the teeth and periodontium. Teeth are vital organs containing a rich number of blood vessels ...
Cytokines as Players of Neuronal Plasticity and Sensitivity to Environment in Healthy and Pathological Brain
(2016)
It is now accepted that immune molecules are not only present within the brain during pathology but they exert physiological functions in the "healthy" brain as well. Increasing evidence points to a neuro-modulatory role ...
Digital Transformation of Animal Health Data: Proceedings of the AHEAD 2017 Workshop
(2018)
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s Co-operative Research Programme on Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems sponsored the AHEAD 2017 workshop, bringing together ...
Dishonest Behavior: From Theory to Practice
(2016)
The rapidly growing field of behavioral ethics shows that dishonest acts are highly prevalent in all walks of life, from corruption among politicians through flagrant cases of doping in sports, to everyday slips and ...
DNA Replication Origins in Microbial Genomes
(2016)
DNA replication, a central event for cell proliferation, is the basis of biological inheritance. Complete and accurate DNA replication is integral to the maintenance of the genetic integrity of organisms. In all three ...
Circadian Rhythms and Metabolism
(2017)
One of the major breakthroughs of the last decade in the understanding of energy homeostasis is the identification of a reciprocal control between circadian rhythmicity and cellular metabolism. Circadian rhythmicity is a ...
Clearing the smokescreen: The current evidence on cannabis use
(2015)
Cannabis remains the most commonly used illicit substance world-wide, with international estimates indicating that 2.8%-4.5% of the global population use cannabis each year. This prevalence rate has not changed substantially ...
Doubled haploidy in model and recalcitrant species
(2016)
Doubled haploids (DHs) are powerful tools to reduce the time and costs needed to produce pure lines to be used in breeding programs. DHs are also useful for genetic mapping of complex qualitative traits, to avoid transgenic ...
Ecophysiology of root systems-environment interaction
(2014)
There is a scarcity of detailed information regarding the ecophysiology of root systems and the way root system functioning is affected by both internal and external factors. Furthermore, global climate change is expected ...
Educational Neuroscience, Constructivist Learning, and the Mediation of Learning and Creativity in the 21st Century
(2015)
The advent of educational neuroscience, a transdisciplinary exercise emerging from cognitive neuroscience and educational psychology, is the examination of physiological processes that undermine, support, and enhance the ...
Emotional Intelligence and Cognitive Abilities
(2016)
Nowadays, not only psychologists are interested in the study of Emotional Intelligence (EI). Teachers, educator, managers, employers, and people, in general, pay attention to EI. For example, teachers would like to know ...
Emotion and Aging: Recent Evidence from Brain and Behavior
(2015)
Emotions play a central role in every human life, from the moment we are born until we die. They prepare the body for action, guide decisions, and highlight what should be noticed and remembered. Since emotions are central ...
Emotion and Behavior
(2016)
In this Research Topic, several groups of researchers from both social and biological psychology summarize their findings addressing the relation between emotion and behavior. The Reflective-Impulsive Model (RIM) (Strack ...
Enabling Technologies for Very Large-Scale Synaptic Electronics
(2018)
An important part of the colossal effort associated with the understanding of the brain involves using electronics hardware technology in order to reproduce biological behavior in ‘silico’. The idea revolves around leveraging ...
Enamel Research: Mechanisms and Characterization
(2016)
The rodent incisor is a good model system to study the molecular and cellular events that are involved in enamel biomineralization. Incisors in rodents continuously erupt during their lifespan, thus allowing the study of ...
Evolutionary Feedbacks Between Population Biology and Genome Architecture
(2018)
This eBook presents all 10 articles published under the Frontiers Research Topic "Evolutionary Feedbacks Between Population Biology and Genome Architecture", edited by Scott V. Edwards and Tariq Ezaz. With the rise of rapid ...
The Coevolution of IDO1 and AhR in the Emergence of Regulatory T Cells in Mammals
(2016)
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) is an ancestral enzyme that, initially confined to the regulation of tryptophan availability in local tissue microenvironments, is now considered to play a wider role that extends to ...
Coding Properties in Invertebrate Sensory Systems
(2017)
Animals rely on sensory input from their environment for survival and reproduction. Depending on the importance of a signal for a given species, accuracy of sensory coding might vary from pure detection up to precise coding ...
Emotional Modulation of the Synapse
(2015)
Highly emotional events tend to be well remembered. The adaptive value in this is clear – those events that have a bearing on survival should be stored for future use as long-term memories whereas memories of inconsequential ...
Encoding and Navigating Linguistic Representations in Memory
(2017)
Successful speaking and understanding requires mechanisms for reliably encoding structured linguistic representations in memory and for effectively accessing information in those representations later. Studying the time-course ...
Energy metabolism
(2014)
Energy metabolism is central to life and altered energy expenditure (EE) is often cited as a central mechanism responsible for development of the obese phenotype. Resting EE, EE of physical activity, cold induced thermogenesis ...
Energy metabolism and behavior in the corticotropin-releasing factor family of peptides
(2015)
Since Hans Selye's seminal work in the 1930s, there have been numerous advances with respect to our understanding of how the nervous and endocrine systems interact to help animals cope with stressors and how chronic stress ...