Publications
Now showing items 1201-1240 of 1372
Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics
(2017)
Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, ...
Structure and Function of Chloroplasts
(2019)
Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process. By doing so, they sustain life on Earth. Chloroplasts also provide diverse metabolic ...
Students at Risk of School Failure
(2018)
The main objective of this Research Topic is to determine the conditions that place students at risk of school failure, identifying student and context variables. In spite of the fact that there is currently little doubt ...
The Social Nature of Emotions
(2016)
Emotion is a defining aspect of the human condition. Emotions pervade our social and professional lives, they affect our thinking and behavior, and they profoundly shape our relationships and social interactions. Emotions ...
Soft-Tissue Reconstruction Using Biologic Tissue Matrix: Where Do We Stand?
(2018)
Soft-tissue reconstruction for a variety of surgical conditions, such as abdominal wall hernia, hiatal hernia, stomal hernia, anal fistula and pelvic floor replacement remains a challenge. There is an insufficient level ...
Theories of Visual Attention - linking cognition, neuropsychology, and neurophysiology
(2015)
The Neural Theory of Visual Attention of Bundesen, Habekost, and Kyllingsbæk (2005) was proposed as a neural interpretation of Bundesen’s (1990) theory of visual attention (TVA). In NTVA, visual attention functions via two ...
Synaptic Assembly and Neural Circuit Development
(2018)
Synapses are fundamental signaling units of the central nervous system that mediate communication between individual neurons, participate in the computation of neuronal networks, and process information through long-term ...
Synaesthesia
(2015)
Synaesthesia is a rare experience in which one property of a stimulus evokes a secondary experience that is not typically associated with the first (e.g. hearing words can evoke tastes). In recent years a number of studies ...
Studying Tree Responses to Extreme Events
(2017)
Trees are among the longest-living organisms. They are sensitive to extreme climatic events and document the effects of environmental changes in form of structural modifications of their tissues. These modifications represent ...
Sub- and Supra-Second Timing: Brain, Learning and Development
(2016)
Time perception in the range of milliseconds to a few seconds is essential for many important sensory and perceptual tasks including speech perception, motion perception, motor coordination, and cross-modal interaction. ...
Sugar and Spice, and Everything Nice: Exploring Prosocial Development Through Infancy and Early Childhood
(2015)
Prosocial behaviors such as sharing, helping, and comforting begin to emerge early in development. The presence of these prosocial behaviors is important not only in childhood, but throughout one’s lifetime, as behaving ...
Surveying Antimicrobial Resistance: Approaches, Issues, and Challenges to Overcome
(2017)
Why Antibiotic Resistance? The use of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine may have consequences beyond their intended applications. The “One Health” concept recognizes that the health of humans is connected to the ...
The Trigemino-Cardiac Reflex: Beyond the Diving Reflex
(2018)
The trigemino-cardiac reflex (TCR) is a well established brain-stem reflex and commonly manifests as bradycardia, asystole, hypotension and / or apnea. This phenomenon was extensively explored in the recent past. However, ...
Tropical Forest Ecosystem Responses to Increasing Nutrient Availability
(2017)
Deforestation and land use change have led to a strong reduction of tropical forest cover during the last decades. Climate change will amplify the pressure to the remaining refuges in the next years. In addition, tropical ...
The truth in complexes: why unraveling ion channel multi-protein signaling nexuses is critical for understanding the function of the nervous system
(2015)
In the search for simple explanations of the natural world, its complicated textures are often filed down to a smoothened surface of our liking. The impetus for this Research Topic was borne out of a need to re-ignite ...
Turning the Mind's Eye Inward: The Interplay between Selective Attention and Working Memory
(2016)
Historically, cognitive sciences have considered selective attention and working memory as largely separated cognitive functions. That is, selective attention as a concept is typically reserved for the processes that allow ...
The two-way link between eating behavior and brain metabolism
(2016)
This research topic collected and connected information concerning both the underlying metabolic mechanisms and consequences of eating behaviors. These two aspects are tremendously important for a better understanding of ...
Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Relative SUMO in DNA Damage Response
(2018)
DNA damage response (DDR) is a term that includes a variety of highly sophisticated mechanisms that cells have evolved in safeguarding the genome from the deleterious consequences of DNA damage. It is estimated that every ...
Ubiquitin and the Brain: Roles of Proteolysis in the Normal and Abnormal Nervous System
(2017)
Proteolysis by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) in the nervous system has been extensively studied both in the context of normal physiological function as well as abnormal pathological conditions. Although ubiquitin ...
The Underrepresentation of Women in Science: International and Cross-Disciplinary Evidence and Debate
(2018)
There is no shortage of articles and books exploring women’s underrepresentation in science. Everyone is interested--academics, politicians, parents, high school girls (and boys), women in search of college majors, ...
Undergraduate Education for Public Health in the United States
(2015)
Undergraduate programs in public health are growing rapidly. At colleges and universities throughout the United States, both the number of programs and the number of students have expanded greatly in the past decade. In ...
Understanding Social Signals: How Do We Recognize the Intentions of Others?
(2016)
Powerful and economic sensors such as high definition cameras and corresponding recognition software have become readily available, e.g. for face and motion recognition. However, designing user interfaces for robots, phones ...
Understanding the Human Factor of the Energy Transition: Mechanisms Underlying Energy-Relevant Decisions and Behaviors
(2016)
An increasing number of countries are shifting toward sustainable energy economies, emphasizing the use of renewable energy sources, increases in energy efficiency and the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions. The success ...
Understanding Selfies
(2018)
In the year 2013, ‘selfie’ was named word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries in recognition of dramatic changes in frequency, prominence, and register of the term. This drastic increase in selfie-taking was spurred by two ...
Systems Biology of Transcription Regulation
(2016)
Transcription regulation is a complex process that can be considered and investigated from different perspectives. Traditionally and due to technical reasons (including the evolution of our understanding of the underlying ...
Systems Biology Approaches to Understanding the Cause and Treatment of Heart, Lung, Blood, and Sleep Disorders
(2014)
Development of powerful new high- throughput technologies for probing the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome is driving the rapid acquisition of information on the function of molecular systems. The importance of these ...
Systems biology and ecology of microbial mat communities
(2016)
Microbial mat communities consist of dense populations of microorganisms embedded in exopolymers and/or biomineralized solid phases, and are often found in mm-cm thick assemblages, which can be stratified due to environmental ...
Systems Biology and the Challenge of Deciphering the Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Cancer
(2017)
Since the discovery of the Warburg effect in the 1920s cancer has been tightly associated with the genetic and metabolic state of the cell. One of the hallmarks of cancer is the alteration of the cellular metabolism in ...
Tailoring NK Cell Receptor-Ligand Interactions: an Art in Evolution. 2nd Edition
(2018)
Recognition and killing of aberrant, infected or tumor targets by Natural Killer (NK) cells is mediated by positive signals transduced by activating receptors upon engagement of ligands on target surface. These stimulatory ...
Tailoring NK Cell Receptor-Ligand Interactions: An Art in Evolution
(2018)
Recognition and killing of aberrant, infected or tumor targets by Natural Killer (NK) cells is mediated by positive signals transduced by activating receptors upon engagement of ligands on target surface. These stimulatory ...
Taking a hands-on approach: Current perspectives on the effect of hand position on vision
(2015)
An exciting new line of research that investigates the impact of one’s own hands on visual processing has flourished in the past several years. Specifically, several studies have demonstrated that objects near the hands ...
Tau oligomers
(2014)
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of intracellular aggregates of tau protein are a key neuropathological feature of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases, collectively termed tauopathies. The ...
Targeting thyroid cancer microenvironment and epigenetic signalling: new frontiers in cancer endocrinology basic and clinical research
(2014)
This Research Topic is devoted to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of Human Thyroid Cancers. Original research describing functional studies of genetic mutations that shed novel insights into the aetiology and ...
Targeting PI3K/mTOR signaling in cancer
(2014)
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mTOR pathway integrates signals from growth factors with nutrient signals and other conditions and controls multiple cell responses, including proliferation, survival and metabolism. ...
Time and Causality
(2014)
The problem of how humans and other intelligent systems construct causal representations from non-causal perceptual evidence has occupied scholars in cognitive science for many decades. Most contemporary approaches agree ...
Supraspinal Control of Automatic Postural Responses Which Pathway Does What?
(2017)
Rapid corrective actions, termed automatic postural responses, are essential to counter the destabilizing effect of mechanical perturbations during natural behaviors. Previous research has demonstrated that automatic ...
Surgical Infections
(2018)
Surgical infections are caused by the breakdown of the equilibrium existing between organisms and the host. This may occur after a breach in a protective surface, as occurs after surgical trauma, changes in host resistance, ...
Triage in Conservation
(2018)
Ecosystems and their constituent species the world over face a barrage of ongoing, and often escalating, threats. Conservation efforts aim to reduce the impact of these threats to ensure that global biodiversity continues ...
Tumor Cell/Dendritic Cell Interactions and the Influence of Tumors on Dendritic Cell-mediated Anti-Tumor Immune Responses and Dendritic Cell-Based Tumor Immunotherapies
(2014)
Significant efforts over the last two decades have been made to better understand the factors that control DC maturation and activation and the impact of these processes on overall host immunity. In addition to the ...