Publications
Now showing items 501-600 of 1372
Individual differences in associative learning
(2014)
Theories of associative learning have a long history in advancing the psychological account of behavior via cognitive representation. There are many components and variations of associative theory but at the core is the ...
HIV-Induced Damage of B Cells and Production of HIV Neutralizing Antibodies
(2018)
Multiple dysfunctions take place in the B cell compartment during HIV-1 infection, comprising depletion of resting memory B cells carrying serological memory to vaccines and previously met pathogens. In addition, population ...
HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks
(2017)
The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is different from classical HLA class I molecules because of the low polymorphism in the coding region, the fact that HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced in seven ...
Hormonal and Neuroendocrine Regulation of Energy Balance
(2016)
Alteration in adequate energy balance maintenance results in serious disturbances such as obesity and its related metabolic disorders. In Mammals, energy balance is homeostatically controlled through hormonal and neuroendocrine ...
Hormonal Control of Important Agronomic Traits
(2018)
One of the goals of plant science is to improve agricultural sustainability, increasing yield, food diversity, and nutrition, while minimizing the negative impact on our environment. In response to internal and external ...
How Can Secretomics Help Unravel the Secrets of Plant-Microbe Interactions?
(2017)
Secretomics describes the global study of proteins that are secreted by a cell, a tissue or an organism, and has recently emerged as a field for which interest is rapidly growing. The term secretome was first coined at the ...
How Do Emotions and Feelings Regulate Physical Activity?
(2017)
Up to date the scientific discussion about how frequency and regularity of physical activity can be increased is dominated by social-cognitive models. However, increasing evidence suggests that emotions and feelings have ...
How Can Development and Plasticity Contribute to Understanding Evolution of the Human Brain?
(2016)
Humans usually attribute themselves the prerogative of being the pinnacle of evolution. They have large brains with many billion neurons and glial cells, trillions of synapses and besides all, a plastic hardware that may ...
How best to 'go on'? Prospects for a 'Modern Synthesis in the sciences of mind
(2016)
Psychology straddles areas from the biological to the social and cultural. Within that vast range, there have been recent explosions of interest in neuropsychology, genetics and epigenetics, and the evolutionary bases of ...
Human and Animal Models for Translational Research on Neurodegeneration: Challenges and Opportunities From South America
(2018)
Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated ...
Human Tumor-Derived p53 Mutants: A Growing Family of Oncoproteins
(2016)
TP53 gene mutations are present in more than half of all human cancers. The resulting proteins are mostly full-length with a single amino acid change and are abundantly expressed in cancer cells. Some of the mutant p53 ...
Historical Roots of Psychopathology
(2016)
New advances of the neuroscience supported by a refined, reliable and valid phenotyping (e.g., at the level of symptoms and not at the level of disorders), are bringing some promising results. The mapping of clinical ...
Imaging Synapse Structure and Function
(2017)
Development of new imaging technologies in recent years has transformed neuroscience in profound ways. Following on the heels of the revolution based on the Green Fluorescent Protein, refined genetically-encoded fluorescent ...
Immunoglobulin therapy in the 21st century: the dark side of the moon
(2015)
In the early decades since the introduction in the early '80s of immunoglobulin therapy many studies tried to identify which clinical indications might benefit from the therapy, which treatment’s schedules are effective ...
Immunogenic Cell Death in Cancer: From Benchside Research to Bedside
(2016)
Classically, anti-cancer therapies have always been applied with the primary aim of tumor debulking achieved through widespread induction of cancer cell death. While the role of host immune system is frequently considered ...
The immunology of cellular stress proteins
(2014)
Stress proteins or heat-shock proteins (HSP) are evolutionary conserved proteins present in every prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. Their main function is to protect cells and proteins from damage under stressful circumstances. ...
Immunomodulatory Effects of Drugs for Treatment of Immune-Related Diseases
(2017)
More than 90% of diseases possess immunological abnormalities. Disorders such as inflammation, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity and immunodeficiency are simple examples of how the immune system misinterprets its surroundings ...
Immunobiotics: Interactions of Beneficial Microbes with the Immune System
(2018)
The term “immunobiotics” has been proposed to define microbial strains able to beneficially regulate the mucosal immune system. Research in immunobiotics has significantly evolved as researchers employed cutting-edge ...
The Impact of Shared Vision on Leadership, Engagement, Organizational Citizenship and Coaching
(2015)
According to management and psychology courses, as well as legions of consultants in organizational psychology, shared vision in dyads, teams and organizations can fill us with hope and inspire new possibilities, or delude ...
The Impact of Microorganisms on Consumption of Atmospheric Trace Gases
(2017)
Gases with a mixing ratio of less than one percent in the lower atmosphere (i.e. the troposphere) are considered as trace gases. Numerous of these trace gases originate from biological processes in marine and terrestrial ...
The Impact of Systems Medicine on Human Health and Disease
(2017)
Complex diseases including diabetes, neurological disorders and cancer are results from a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors, and development of new prognostic tools for the treatment of such ...
The Impact of Sensory; Linguistic and Social Deprivation on Cognition
(2017)
Early experience plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of cognitive development. For example, early sensory deprivation is known to induce neural reorganization by way of adaptation to the altered sensory ...
The Importance of Iron in Pathophysiologic Conditions
(2015)
The iron element (Fe) is strictly required for the survival of most forms of life, including bacteria, plants and humans. Fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms for Fe absorption, mobilization and recycling operate to maintain ...
Improving Bayesian Reasoning: What Works and Why?
(2016)
We confess that the first part of our title is somewhat of a misnomer. Bayesian reasoning is a normative approach to probabilistic belief revision and, as such, it is in need of no improvement. Rather, it is the typical ...
Improving Working Memory in Learning and Intellectual Disabilities
(2016)
The last forty years of research have demonstrated that working memory (WM) is a key concept for understanding higher-order cognition. To give an example, WM is involved in reading comprehension, problem solving and ...
Improving outcomes in cerebral palsy with early intervention: new translational approaches
(2015)
The aim of this Research Topic was to collate articles describing prediction of outcomes of pre- and perinatal lesions leading to cerebral palsy, basic research in animal models and human subjects, and ideas for, and trials ...
Industrial and Host Associated Stress Responses in Food Microbes. Implications for Food Technology and Food Safety
(2017)
Throughout the food processing chain and after ingestion by the host, food associated bacteria have to cope with a range of stress factors such as thermal and/or non-thermal inactivation treatments, refrigeration temperatures, ...
Inflammation in the CNS: Advancing the Field Using Intravital Imaging
(2017)
Inflammation of the CNS can have devastating, long-lived, and in some cases fatal consequences for patients. The stimuli that can induce CNS inflammation are diverse, and include infectious agents, autoimmune responses ...
Inferior Colliculus Microcircuits
(2015)
The inferior colliculus (IC) is a unique structure in the auditory system, located between the primary auditory nuclei of the brainstem and the thalamus. The existence of the complex neural circuits in the auditory brainstem ...
Information-based methods for neuroimaging: analyzing structure, function and dynamics
(2015)
The aim of this Research Topic is to discuss the state of the art on the use of Information-based methods in the analysis of neuroimaging data. Information-based methods, typically built as extensions of the Shannon Entropy, ...
Inhibitory Function in Auditory Processing
(2015)
There seems little doubt that from the earliest evolutionary beginnings, inhibition has been a fundamental feature of neuronal circuits - even the simplest life forms sense and interact with their environment, orienting ...
Inhibiting PARP as a Strategic Target in Cancer
(2016)
Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins are critical mediators of DNA repair. Many traditional anti-cancer chemotherapy agents overwhelm a cell’s ability to repair DNA damage in order to kill proliferating malignant ...
How and Why Does Spatial-Hearing Ability Differ among Listeners? What Is the Role of Learning and Multisensory Interactions?
(2016)
Spatial-hearing ability has been found to vary widely across listeners. A survey of the existing auditory-space perception literature suggests that three main types of factors may account for this variability: - physical ...
How aging affects T lymphocyte-mediated immunity
(2015)
Increasing age has been associated with an insufficient protection following vaccination and an increased incidence and severity of infectious diseases. The predicted acceleration of global population aging will accentuate ...
The HSP70 Molecular Chaperone Machines
(2017)
Members of the HSP70 family form a central hub of the molecular chaperone network, controlling protein homeostasis in prokaryotes and in the ATP-containing compartments of the eukaryotic cells. The heat-inducible form ...
How to improve immune reconstitution in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?
(2015)
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is widely used in the treatment of haematological malignancies as a form of immunotherapy acting through a graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) reaction. This curative ...
HSPs - Ambiguous Mediators of Immunity
(2017)
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) were discovered as polypeptides induced by stress that can be found in all kingdoms of cellular organisms. Their functions were, a first enigmatic and these proteins were thus classified by ...
Hybrid Solutions for the Modelling of Complex Environmental Systems
(2017)
Systems studied in environmental science, due to their structure and the heterogeneity of the entities composing them, often exhibit complex dynamics that can only be captured by hybrid modeling approaches. While several ...
Abiotic Stresses in Agroecology: A Challenge for Whole Plant Physiology
(2017)
Understanding plant responses to abiotic stresses is central to our ability to predict the impact of global change and environmental pollution on the production of food, feed and forestry. Besides increasing carbon dioxide ...
Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants: Functional Genomic Intervention
(2016)
Abiotic stresses such as high temperature, low-temperature, drought and salinity limit crop productivity worldwide. Understanding plant responses to these stresses is essential for rational engineering of crop plants. In ...
Abiotic Stress: Molecular Genetics and Genomics
(2014)
Abiotic stresses are the major cause that limits productivity of crop plants worldwide. Plants have developed intricate machinery to respond and adapt over these adverse environmental conditions both at physiological and ...
About the Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter
(2018)
A significant increase in the prevalence of campylobacteriosis cases has been observed over the past years. Campylobacter has emerged as the leading cause of bacterial foodborne disease worldwide with a significant impact ...
Abstract Mathematical Cognition
(2016)
Despite the importance of mathematics in our educational systems little is known about how abstract mathematical thinking emerges. Under the uniting thread of mathematical development, we hope to connect researchers from ...
Accessing Conceptual Representations for Speaking
(2016)
For speaking, words in the lexicon are somehow activated from conceptual representations but we know surprisingly little about how this works precisely. Which of the attributes of the concept DOG (e.g. BARKS, IS WALKED ...
Application of genetically encoded indicators to mammalian central nervous system
(2016)
Genetically encoded indicators emerged as promising tools for cell type-specific and chronic recording of neuronal population activity. Since publication of the first prototypical genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators ...
Acoustical Impact of Ships and Harbours: Airborne and Underwater N&V Pollution
(2019)
Noise and vibrations generated by ships affect a wide range of receivers: crew and passengers inside the vessel, inhabitants of the coastal areas and marine fauna outside it. Recent studies suggest that a large percentage ...
Application of Nonlinear Analysis to the Study of Complex Systems in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research
(2016)
Although nonlinear dynamics have been mastered by physicists and mathematicians for a long time (as most physical systems are inherently nonlinear in nature), the recent successful application of nonlinear methods to ...
Application of Nanotechnology in Food Science and Food Microbiology
(2018)
Nanotechnology is a fast-evolving discipline that already produces outstanding basic knowledge and industrial applications for the benefit of society. It is a new emerging and fascinating field of science, that permits ...
Applications of Quantum Mechanical Techniques to Areas Outside of Quantum Mechanics
(2018)
This book deals with applications of quantum mechanical techniques to areas outside of quantum mechanics, so-called quantum-like modeling. Research in this area has grown over the last 15 years. But even already more than ...
Applications of Novel Analytical Methods in Epidemiology
(2018)
The repertoire of quantitative analytical techniques in disciplines such as ecology, decision science, and evolutionary biology has grown, in part enabled by the development and increased availability of computational ...
Applications of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Tools in Microbiology of Infectious Diseases
(2017)
Epidemiology is a discipline intended to systematically investigate, and ideally quantify, disease dynamics in populations (Perez, 2015). Epidemiological assessmentsmay be divided into four large areas, namely, (a) ...
Applied Olfactory Cognition
(2014)
Foreword by Richard J. Stevenson, Macquarie University (Australia): It was long thought that the human nose might be able to discriminate somewhere in the order of 10,000 different odourants. The recent finding that the ...
Aquaporins: Dynamic Role and Regulation
(2017)
Aquaporins (AQPs), a class of integral membrane proteins, form channels facilitating movement of water and many other solutes. In solute transport systems of all living organisms including plants, animals and fungi, AQPs ...
Archaeal Cell Envelope and Surface Structures
(2016)
Prokaryotes have a complex cell envelope which has several important functions, including providing a barrier that protects the cytoplasm from the environment. Along with its associated proteinaceous structures, it also ...
Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources
(2016)
The history of livestock started with the domestication of their wild ancestors: a restricted number of species allowed to be tamed and entered a symbiotic relationship with humans. In exchange for food, shelter and ...
Advances in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Model Systems, Microenvironmental Influences, Therapy, and Origins
(2016)
This eBook provides a compendium of the current state-of-the-art in research tools for, and understanding of, the critical research areas in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with a strong emphasis on (HG-SOC). Research areas ...
Advances in Emotion Regulation: From Neuroscience to Psychotherapy
(2017)
Emotions are the gift nature gave us to help us connect with others. Emotions do not come from out of nowhere. Rather, they are constantly generated, usually by stimuli in our interpersonal world. They bond us to others, ...
Is Conflict Adaptation an Illusion?
(2015)
Conflict adaptation theory is one of the most popular theories in cognitive psychology. The theory argues that participants strategically modulate attention away from distracting stimulus features in response to conflict. ...
Is the Language Faculty Non Linguistic?
(2016)
A line of research in cognitive science over several decades has been dedicated to finding an innate, language-specific cognitive system, a faculty which allows human infants to acquire languages natively without formal ...
Is the Recent Burst of Therapeutic Anti-Tumor Antibodies the Tip of an Iceberg?
(2018)
The high effectiveness of antibodies as anti-tumor therapeutic agents has led to a burst of research aiming to increase their therapeutic applications by the use of antibodies against new targets, new antibody formats or ...
The Ischemic Penumbra: Still the Target for Stroke Therapies?
(2015)
The ischemic penumbra was initially defined by Symon, Lassen and colleagues in the 1970s as an area of brain tissue with inadequate blood flow to maintain electric activity of neurons but adequate blood flow to preserve ...
The Foundation of Precision Medicine: Integration of Electronic Health Records with Nenomics Through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research
(2016)
This eBook contains the 19 articles that were part of a Special Topic in Frontiers in Genetics entitled “Genetics Research in Electronic Health Records Linked to DNA Biobanks”. The Special Issue was published on-line in ...
Foundations of Theoretical Approaches in Systems Biology
(2019)
If biology in the 20th century was characterized by an explosion of new technologies and experimental methods, that of the 21st has seen an equally exuberant proliferation of mathematical and computational methods that ...
Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Effective Radiotherapy Delivery
(2016)
Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) is a new radiotherapy technology that combines the rapid dose fall off associated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and daily tumor imaging allowing for high precision tumor dose ...
Imaging and monitoring astrocytes in health and disease
(2014)
Astrocytes are key cellular partners to neurons in the brain. They play an important role in multiple processes such as neurotransmitter recycling, trophic support, antioxidant defense, ionic homeostasis, inflammatory ...
Imaging in Acute Stroke - New Options and State of the Art
(2018)
One in six suffers a stroke during their lifetime and stroke remains the major cause of new onset disability in adulthood. The worldwide burden of stroke is increasing due to an ageing population, however, globally haft ...
Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Swine
(2017)
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most devastating diseases of livestock. The research topic here features nine studies supplementing the state-of-the art of the knowledge on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of ...
Inorganic Biomaterials
(2016)
The intention of the editors A. R. Boccaccini and W. Höland has been to target this e-book to a broad readership and at the same time to present scientific contributions sufficiently detailed which discuss various specific ...
Insomnia and beyond - Exploring the therapeutic potential of orexin receptor antagonists
(2014)
Orexin/hypocretin neuropeptides, produced by a few thousand neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, are of critical importance for the control of vigilance and arousal of vertebrates, from fish to amphibians, birds and mammals. ...
Integrating Computational and Neural Findings in Visual Object Perception
(2016)
The articles in this Research Topic provide a state-of-the-art overview of the current progress in integrating computational and empirical research on visual object recognition. Developments in this exciting multidisciplinary ...
Integrative Research on Organic Matter Cycling Across Aquatic Gradients
(2017)
The goal of this research topic was to motivate innovative research that blurs traditional disciplinary and geographical boundaries. As the scientific community continues to gain momentum and knowledge about how the natural ...
Intellectual Disabilities in Down Syndrome from Birth and throughout Life: Assessment and Treatment
(2017)
Research on the multiple aspects of cognitive impairment in Down syndrome (DS), from genes to behavior to treatment, has made tremendous progress in the last decade. The study of congenital intellectual disabilities such ...
Inter-cellular Electrical Signals in Plant Adaptation and Communication
(2018)
Plants use the Sun's energy to synthesize the basic biomolecules that make up all the organic matter of all organisms of terrestrial ecosystems, including ourselves. Therefore, understanding their adaptive mechanisms to ...
Inter-healthcare Professions Collaboration: Educational and Practical Aspects and New Developments
(2016)
Settings, such as patient-centered medical homes, can serve as ideal places to promote interprofessional collaboration among healthcare providers (Fjortoft et al., 2016). Furthermore, work together by teams of interprofessional ...
Interactions between emotions and social context: Basic, clinical and non-human evidence
(2014)
The emotions that we feel and also those that we perceive in others are crucial to the social functioning of both humans and non-human animals. Although the role of context has been extensively studied in basic sensory ...
Interactions between the mammalian main and accessory olfactory systems
(2014)
The functional cross-talk and structural interaction between the main and accessory olfactory bulb is a central problem in mammalian sensory neurobiology. The early supposition that volatile substances and pheromones, most ...
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Multilingualism
(2015)
This research topic stems from the "Interdisciplinary Approaches to Multilingualism" conference, which was hosted by the Language Research Centre at the University of Calgary. It was the first conference of its kind, which ...
International Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilisation (ICCDU) 2016
(2018)
Carbon dioxide utilisation is a growing field of research that spans early stage laboratory chemistry through to commercial exploitation. In 2013 the CO2Chem Network (www.co2chem.com) made a successful bid to hold the 14th ...
Ion Transport in Chloroplast and Mitochondria Physiology in Green Organisms
(2017)
Chloroplasts and mitochondria both have a prokaryotic origin, carry essential genes on their own highly reduced genome and generate energy in the form of ATP for the plant cell. The ion composition and concentration in ...
Ion Channel Trafficking and Cardiac Arrhythmias
(2018)
A well-adjusted expression of cardiac ion channels at the sarcolemma is of crucial importance for normal action potential formation and thus cardiac function. The cellular processes that transport channel proteins from the ...
Identifying the Epileptic Network
(2014)
An important area of current research in epilepsy focuses on identifying the specific regions within the brain that are affected in individuals with recurring seizures. The epileptogenic process may result not only in ...
Food cravings
(2015)
Food craving refers to an intense desire or urge to consume a specific food. In Western or Westernized societies, these craved foods usually have high palatability and are energy dense, that is, they have high sugar and/or ...
Innovative Radiopharmaceuticals in Oncology and Neurology
(2017)
The aim of this Research Topic was to assemble a series of articles describing basic, preclinical and clinical research studies on radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine. The articles were written by attendees of the ...
The Insect Central Complex - From Sensory Coding to Directing Movement
(2018)
The most fundamental function of the brain is the analysis and integration of sensory information in order to generate motor commands that result in directed, meaningful interactions with the environment. This process can ...
Insights into Microbe-Microbe Interactions in Human Microbial Ecosystems: Strategies to be Competitive
(2016)
All parts of our body having communication with the external environment such as the skin, vagina, the respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal tract are colonized by a specific microbial community. The colon is by far ...
Insight and Intuition - Two Sides of the Same Coin?
(2018)
Insight and intuition might be the most mysterious and fascinating fields of human thinking and problem solving. They are different from standard and analytical problem solving accounts and provide the basis for creative ...
Institutional determinants of social inequality
(2016)
Understanding the factors that create and maintain social inequalities is a core question in social psychology. Research has so far mainly focused on the role of individual stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination. ...
Interaction of Nanomaterials with the Immune System: Role in Nanosafety and Nanomedicinenanomedicine
(2018)
The immune system has the double role of maintaining tissue integrity and homeostasis and of protecting the organism from possible dangers, from invading pathogens to environmentally-borne dangerous chemicals. New chemicals ...
Interaction of BCI with the underlying neurological conditions in patients: pros and cons
(2015)
The primary purpose of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems is to help patients communicate with their environment or to aid in their recovery. A common denominator for all BCI patient groups is that they suffer from a ...
Interaction Between Hyaluronic Acid and Its Receptors (CD44, RHAMM) Regulates the Activity of Inflammation and Cancer
(2016)
The biological outcome of Hyaluronan (also hyaluronic acid, abbreviated HA) interaction with its CD44 or RHAMM receptors recently attracted much attention within the scientific community owing to a Nature article by Tian ...
Interaction of Trypanosoma cruzi with Host Cells
(2014)
Trypanosoma cruzi is a pathogenic protozoan of the Trypanosomatidade Family, which is the etiological agent of Chagas’ disease. Chagas’ disease stands out for being endemic among countries in Latin America, affecting about ...
International Partnerships for Strengthening Health Care Workforce Capacity: Models of Collaborative Education
(2018)
A critical problem in resource-scarce countries across the globe is the shortage of appropriately trained health care providers. According to the World Health Organization, the current global health workforce shortage of ...
International Plant Proteomics Organization (INPPO) World Congress 2014
(2017)
The field of proteomics has advanced considerably over the past two decades. The ability to delve deeper into an organism’s proteome, identify an array of post-translational modifications and profile differentially abundant ...
International Perspectives on Health and Safety Among Dairy Workers Challenges, Solutions and the Future
(2018)
This e-book provides the insight into occupational health and safety problems, challenges and solutions of the dairy sector. Thirty-two authors have been sharing their results and knowledge reflecting the challenges from ...
Interoception, Contemplative Practice, and Health
(2017)
There is an emergent movement of scientists and scholars working on somatic awareness, interoception and embodiment. This work cuts across studies of neurophysiology, somatic anthropology, contemplative practice, and ...
Interplay between NO Signalling, ROS, and the Antioxidant System in Plants
(2017)
Over the last decades, nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an essential player in redox signalling. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) also act as signals throughout all stages of plant life. Because they are potentially harmful ...
Intrinsic motivations and open-ended development in animals, humans, and robots
(2015)
The aim of this Research Topic for Frontiers in Psychology under the section of Cognitive Science and Frontiers in Neurorobotics is to present state-of-the-art research, whether theoretical, empirical, or computational ...
Intra- and inter-species interactions in microbial communities
(2015)
Recent developments in various “OMICs” fields have revolutionized our understanding of the vast diversity and ubiquity of microbes in the biosphere. However, most of the current paradigms of microbial cell biology, and our ...
Intracellular biomineralization in bacteria
(2014)
Bacteria can sequester metals and other ions intracellularly in various forms ranging from poorly ordered deposits to well- ordered mineral crystals. Magnetotactic bacteria provide one example of such intracellular deposits. ...