Publications
Now showing items 601-700 of 1372
Intrinsic Clocks
(2018)
"Intrinsic Clocks" presents an array of current research activities on intrinsic clocks and their contributions to biology and physiology. It elucidates the current models for the intrinsic clocks, their molecular components ...
Investigating and harnessing T-cell functions with engineered immune receptors and their ligands
(2015)
T-cells are an essential component of the immune system that provide protection against pathogen infections and cancer and are involved in the aetiology of numerous autoimmune and autoinflammatory pathologies. Their ...
Investigating the human brainstem with structural and functional MRI
(2014)
The brainstem is one of the least understood parts of the human brain despite its prime importance for the maintenance of basic vital functions. Owing to its role as a relay station between spinal cord, cerebellum and ...
Investigating Human Nature and Communication through Robots
(2017)
The development of information technology enabled us to exchange more items of information among us no matter how far we are apart from each other. It also changed our way of communication. Various types of robots recently ...
Investigating Grammar in Autism Spectrum Disorders
(2018)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD hereafter) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in communicative and social skills. The vast majority of research on language in ASD has focused on pragmatic difficulties, ...
Invisible, but how? The depth of unconscious processing as inferred from different suppression techniques
(2015)
To what level are invisible stimuli processed by the brain in the absence of conscious awareness? It is widely accepted that simple visual properties of invisible stimuli are processed; however, the existence of higher-level ...
Involvements of TRP Channels and Oxidative Stress in Pain
(2018)
Undoubtedly, pain conditions the quality of life of millions of people worldwide suffering a wide range of diseases. Major research efforts are being made by the international scientific community to determine the mechanisms ...
Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Trafficking in Health and Disease
(2017)
The knowledge about the properties and importance of ionotropic glutamate receptor trafficking is ever increasing. Importantly, the pace of the progress has been accelerated in recent years. Here, our contributors provide ...
Karolinska Institutet 200-Year Anniversary Symposium on Injuries to the Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nervous System - An Update on Recent Advances in Regenerative Neuroscience
(2017)
The present E-book consists of original articles and reviews published in our Research Topic on injuries to the spinal cord and peripheral nerves and presents a wide array of novel findings and in depth discussions on ...
The Janus-Face of Language: Where Are the Emotions in Words and the Words in Emotions?
(2018)
<p>Language has long been considered independent from emotions. In the last few years however research has accumulated empirical evidence against this theoretical belief of a purely cognitive-based foundation of language. ...
Leading people - managing organizations: Contemporary public health leadership
(2015)
In this Research Topic, we provide a comprehensive overview of current public health leadership research, focusing on understanding the impact of leadership on the delivery of public health services. By bringing together ...
Madness and Creativity: Yes, No or Maybe?
(2015)
The pervasive idea that madness and creativity are intricately linked is one that holds tremendous fascination for both scientists and the general public alike. Although this view was at first largely driven by anecdotal ...
Linguistic Influences on Mathematical Cognition
(2017)
For many years, an abstract, amodal semantic magnitude representation, largely independent of verbal linguistic representations, has been viewed as the core numerical or mathematical representation This assumption has been ...
Maintenance of Genome Integrity: DNA Damage Sensing, Signaling, Repair and Replication in Plants
(2016)
Environmental stresses and metabolic by-products can severely affect the integrity of genetic information by inducing DNA damage and impairing genome stability. As a consequence, plant growth and productivity are irreversibly ...
Magnetoencephalography: an emerging neuroimaging tool for studying normal and abnormal human brain development
(2015)
Research on the human brain development has seen an upturn in the past years mostly due to novel neuroimaging tools that became available to study the anatomy and function of the developing brain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging ...
Manipulative approaches to human brain dynamics
(2015)
In this EBook, we highlight how newly emerging techniques for non-invasive manipulation of the human brain, combined with simultaneous recordings of neural activity, contribute to the understanding of brain functions and ...
Manipulation of the host cell by viral auxiliary proteins
(2015)
Productive HIV infection requires completion of all the steps of the replication cycle, the success of which largely relying on the multiple interactions established by viral proteins with cellular partners. Indeed, cellular ...
Manipulation of the cellular microbicidal response and endocytic dynamic by pathogens membrane factors
(2015)
Intracellular pathogens, such as bacteria and parasites, have evolved specialized mechanisms to survive and replicate in their host, leading to disorders and diseases. The principle of these mechanisms is to reprogram the ...
LuxR Solos are Becoming Major Players in Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria
(2016)
The most common quorum sensing (QS) system in Gram-negative bacteria occurs via N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHLs) signals. An archetypical system consists of a LuxI-family protein synthesizing the AHL signal which binds at ...
Making Science Fun - A Tribute to Our Colleague and Friend, Prof. Antonius G. Rolink (1953-2017)
(2019)
This Research Topic honors the memory of Prof. Antonius “Ton” G. Rolink (April 19, 1953–August 06, 2017), our colleague, mentor and friend in immunology. It is now over a year since Ton left us. This article collection, ...
Microorganisms for Functional Food
(2016)
Nowadays, most of Western consumers are aware that a targeted diet could be an important tool for fighting ageing and diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Microorganisms may be exploited for setting up ...
Melt Water Retention Processes in Snow and Firn on Ice Sheets and Glaciers: Observations and Modeling
(2018)
Melt takes place where the surface of glaciers or ice sheets interacts with the atmosphere. While the processes governing surface melt are fairly well understood, the pathways of the meltwater, from its origin to the moment ...
Macrocognition: The Science and Engineering of Sociotechnical Work Systems
(2018)
The increasing complexity of work systems and changes in the nature of workplace technology over the past century have resulted in an exponential shift in the nature of work activities, from physical labor to cognitive ...
Language, Cognition and Gender
(2016)
Gender inequality remains an issue of high relevance, and controversy, in society. Previous research shows that language contributes to gender inequality in various ways: Gender-related information is transmitted through ...
A living history of immunology
(2015)
In the highly competitive world of biomedical science, often the rush to publish and to be recognized as "first" with a new discovery, concept or method, is lost in the hurly-burly of the moment, as "the maddening crowd" ...
Liver Myofibroblasts
(2016)
Myofibroblasts (MFB) are found in most tissues of the body. They have the matrix-producing functions of fibroblasts and contractile properties that are known from smooth muscle cells. Fundamental work of the last decades ...
Lateralization and cognitive systems
(2015)
Left-right asymmetries of structure and function are a common organization principle in the brains of humans and non-human vertebrates alike. While there are inherently asymmetric systems such as the human language system ...
Less and Non-invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring Techniques
(2018)
In the perioperative setting and in intensive care medicine, early and effective hemodynamic management including fluid therapy and administration of vasoactive drugs to maintain vital organ perfusion and oxygen delivery ...
Mechanisms of neuroinflammation and inflammatory neurodegeneration in acute brain injury
(2015)
Mechanisms of brain-immune interactions became a cutting-edge topic in systemic neurosciences over the past years. Acute lesions of the brain parenchyma, particularly, induce a profound and highly complex neuroinflammatory ...
Mechanisms underlying firing in healthy and sick human motoneurons
(2015)
Since the latter half of the twentieth century an enormous amount of knowledge about mammalian motoneuron pools has been collected. This progress was enabled mostly by the development of the precise techniques of intracellular ...
Mechanisms of Persistence, Survival, and Transmission of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens in Production Animals
(2018)
Foodborne illness resulting from food production animals is a global health concern, and the Centers for Disease Control estimate that one in six Americans will become sick with a foodborne illness each year. Of course ...
Mechanisms of Neuronal Migration during Corticogenesis
(2016)
The cerebral cortex plays central roles in many higher-order functions such as cognition, language, consciousness, and the control of voluntary behavior. These processes are performed by the densely interconnected networks ...
Mechanisms of Neural Circuit Formation
(2015)
The formation of the proper pattern of neuronal circuits during development is critical for the normal function of the vertebrate brain and for the survival of the organism. Circuit tracing studies spanning the past 100 ...
Mechanisms Underpinning the Link between Emotion, Physical Health and Longevity
(2017)
The 1990’s was designated as ‘the decade of the brain’ and now, common mental disorders are described as ‘brain disorders’. Yet intense research interest on the brain has largely side-lined the body as a passive observer, ...
Mechanisms of Innate Neuroprotection
(2016)
As clinical trials of pharmacological neuroprotective strategies in stroke have been disappointing, attention has turned to the brain's own endogenous strategies for neuroprotection. Two endogenous mechanisms have been ...
Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population
(2018)
Microglia are essential for the development and function of the adult brain. Their ontogeny, together with the absence of turnover from the periphery and the singular environment of the central nervous system (CNS), make ...
Microglial Polarization in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases
(2018)
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is one of the shared prominent hallmarks among various forms of neurodegeneration. Depending on the milieu in which microglia become activated, the polarization of microglia shows to ...
Melatonin in Plants
(2017)
This topic focuses on distribution, synthesis, metabolism, and the in vivo roles of melatonin in plants, with 1 editorial, 3 reviews, 21 original research studies and 1 corrigendum.
Memory Systems of the Addicted Brain: The Underestimated Role of Drug-Induced Cognitive Biases in Addiction and Its Treatment
(2018)
Drug addiction may be viewed as a form of learning during which strong associations linking actions to drug-seeking are expressed as persistent stimulus–response habits, thereby maintaining a vulnerability to relapse. ...
Learning to see (better): Improving visual deficits with perceptual learning
(2015)
Perceptual learning can be defined as a long lasting improvement in a perceptual skill following a systematic training, due to changes in brain plasticity at the level of sensory or perceptual areas. Its efficacy has been ...
The Least Cost Path From Landscape Genetics to Landscape Genomics
(2018)
Ecosystems are the stage on which the play of evolution is acted, and ecosystems are complex, spatially structured and temporally varying. The purpose of this Research Topic is to explore critical challenges and opportunities ...
Low-dose antibiotics: current status and outlook for the future
(2014)
Antimicrobial therapy is a key factor in our success against pathogens poised to ravage at risk or infected individuals. However, we are currently at a watershed point as we face a growing crisis of antibiotic resistance ...
Limbic-Brainstem Roles in Perception, Cognition, Emotion and Behavior
(2018)
The brainstem-limbic regions, including the superior colliculus, pulvinar and amygdala, receive direct perceptual information as a rapid, coarse, subcortical sensory system bypassing early sensory cortical systems, and ...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Healthy and Diseased Brain Networks
(2015)
An important aspect of neuroscience is to characterize the underlying connectivity patterns of the human brain (i.e., human connectomics). Over the past few years, researchers have demonstrated that by combining a variety ...
Magnetic Records of Extreme Geological Events
(2017)
Recent advances in environmental magnetism offer the opportunity to link the magnetic signature of marine and continental rocks to the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic settings that controlled their formation or ...
Mind the gap! Gap junction channels and their importance in pathogenesis
(2014)
"Cells live together, but die singly", this sentence wrote the German physiologist Theodor Engelmann in 1875 and although he had no particular knowledge of gap junction channels (their structure was discovered around 100 ...
Mind over brain, brain over mind: cognitive causes and consequences of controlling brain activity
(2015)
This Research Topic combines articles aiming to gain a better understanding on different factors that determine whether people are successful or not in controlling computerized devices with brain signals. Since decades, ...
Mind-Brain Plasticity and Rehabilitation of Cognitive Functions: What Techniques Have Been Proven Effective?
(2017)
Rehabilitation of cognitive functions is a primary goal in neurological and psychiatric settings. Cognitive treatments include individual and group exercises, as well as the use of computer programs and virtual reality. ...
Mega Quakes: Cascading Earthquake Hazards and Compounding Risks
(2018)
Large-scale earthquake hazards pose major threats to modern society, generating casualties, disrupting socioeconomic activities, and causing enormous economic loss across the world. Events, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean ...
Macromolecular Structure Underlying Recognition in Innate Immunity
(2018)
Immune molecules have evolved to distinguish “self “molecules from “non-self”, “altered self” and “danger” molecules. Recognition is mediated via interactions between pattern recognition receptor molecules (PPRs) and their ...
Macrophages Role in Integrating Tissue Signals and Biological Processes in Chronic Inflammation and Fibrosis
(2017)
Macrophages comprehend a heterogeneous mononuclear phagocytic population with wide range phenotypes and roles in homeostasis maintenance and diseases, such as infections, autoimmunity and cancer. Technology improvements ...
Large-Scale and Full-Scale Methods for Examining Wind Effects on Buildings
(2018)
Global economic losses due to severe weather events have grown dramatically over the past two decades. A large proportion of these losses are due to severe wind storms such as tropical cyclones and tornadoes, which can ...
Lipid Signalling In Plant Development And Responses To Environmental Stresses
(2016)
In response to environmental stresses, or during development, plant cells will produce lipids that will act as intracellular or intercellular mediators. Glycerophospholipid and/or sphingolipid second messengers resulting ...
Lipid Signaling in T Cell Development and Function
(2015)
Lipids are best known as energy storing molecules and core-components of cellular membranes, but can also act as mediators of cellular signaling. This is most prominently illustrated by the paramount importance of the ...
Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters
(2017)
A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean ...
Linking Ecosystem Function to Microbial Diversity
(2016)
Understanding the link between microbial diversity and ecosystem processes is a fundamental goal of microbial ecologists, yet we still have a rudimentary knowledge of how changes in diversity affect nutrient cycling and ...
Manual Asymmetries, Handedness and Motor Performance
(2016)
The performance of most tasks with one hand, typically the right, is a uniquely human characteristic. Not only do people prefer to use one hand rather than the other, but also they usually perform tasks faster and more ...
Minding Glial Cells in the Novel Understandings of Mental Illness
(2017)
Traditionally, abnormalities of neurons and neuronal networks including synaptic abnormalities and disturbance of neurotransmitters have dominantly been believed to be the main causes of psychiatric disorders. Recent ...
Machine Learning With Radiation Oncology Big Data
(2019)
Radiation oncology is uniquely positioned to harness the power of big data as vast amounts of data are generated at an unprecedented pace for individual patients in imaging studies and radiation treatments worldwide. The ...
The long and short of mental time travel - self-projection over time-scales large and small
(2015)
Researchers working in many fields of psychology and neuroscience are interested in the temporal structure of experience, as well as the experience of time, at scales of a few milliseconds up to a few seconds as well as ...
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
(2015)
Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is ...
Management of Fusarium Species and their Mycotoxins in Cereal Food and Feed
(2017)
Health and safety of food and feed are the most important criteria for their quality. The quality of feed is in turn important for animal health, the environment and for the safety of food from animal origin. Fungi belonging ...
Language Development in the Digital Age
(2017)
The digital age is changing our children’s lives and childhood dramatically. New technologies transform the way people interact with each other, the way stories are shared and distributed, and the way reality is presented ...
Language beyond Words: The Neuroscience of Accent
(2017)
Language learning also implies the acquisition of a set of phonetic rules and prosodic contours which define the accent in that language. While often considered as merely accessory, accent is an essential component of ...
Language and Cognition
(2015)
Interaction between language and cognition remains an unsolved scientific problem. What are the differences in neural mechanisms of language and cognition? Why do children acquire language by the age of six, while taking ...
Language by mouth and by hand
(2015)
While most natural languages rely on speech, humans can spontaneously generate comparable linguistic systems that utilize manual gestures. This collection of papers examines the interaction between natural language and its ...
Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson's Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Scenarios
(2015)
This topic aims to pool the most recent advances in the phenomenology and pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The papers in this eBook have strongly contributed to reduce the gaps in our knowledge of LIDs ...
Mechanical Signaling in Plants: From Perception to Consequences for Growth and Morphogenesis (Thigmomorphogenesis) and Ecological Significance
(2017)
During the 1970s, renewed interest in plant mechanical signaling led to the discovery that plants subjected to mechanical stimulation develop shorter and thicker axes than undisturbed plants, a syndrome called thigmomorphogenesis. ...
Mechanical Loading and Bone
(2016)
This research topic is focused on recent advances in our understanding of effects of mechanical loading on the skeleton, and research methods used in addressing these. Though it is well established that mechanical loading ...
Learned Brain Self-Regulation for Emotional Processing and Attentional Modulation: From Theory to Clinical Applications
(2016)
Mounting evidence in the last years has demonstrated that self-regulation of brain activity can successfully be achieved by neurofeedback (NF). These methodologies have constituted themselves as new tools for cognitive ...
Learning in Social Context: The Nature and Profit of Living in Groups for Development
(2017)
One of the distinctive features of humans is their unique sociality. Humans live in organized societies that are characterized by a high level of interdependence of group members in various aspects of life, ranging from ...
Learning a non-native language in a naturalistic environment: Insights from behavioural and neuroimaging research
(2015)
It is largely accepted in the relevant literature that successful learning of one or more non-native languages is affected by a number of factors that are independent of the target language(s) per se; these factors include ...
M1/M2 Macrophages: The Arginine Fork in the Road to Health and Disease
(2015)
Macrophages have unique and diverse functions necessary for survival. And, in humans (and other species), they are the most abundant leukocytes in tissues. The Innate functions of macrophages that are best known are their ...
Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Drug Use: Evidence from Pre-Clinical and Clinical Models
(2018)
The purpose of this collection is to provide a forum to integrate pre-clinical and clinical investigations regarding the long-term consequences of adolescent exposure to drugs of abuse. Adolescence is characterized by ...
Lymphocytes in MS and EAE: More than just a CD4+ World
(2017)
Multiple sclerosis is degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which myelin destruction and axon loss leads to the accumulation of physical, cognitive, and mental deficits. MS affects more than a million ...
Lyme Disease: Recent Advances and Perspectives
(2015)
The interplay between host and pathogen is a complex co-evolutionary battle of surveillance and evasion. The pathogen continuously develops mechanisms to subvert the immune response in order to establish infection while ...
The Major Discoveries of Cajal and His Disciples: Consolidated Milestones for the Neuroscience of the XXIst Century
(2017)
When Santiago Ramón y Cajal started to unravel the fine structure of the nervous system in the last decades of the XIXth century maybe only his unbeatable soul of brave Spaniard imagined that most of the descriptions were ...
Multiple Identities Management
(2018)
In this ebook, a collection of 18 papers presents empirical research, as well as novel theoretical considerations, on how multiple identities are being managed by the individuals holding them. The papers draw on theories ...
The multiple roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in nature
(2015)
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance have most commonly been viewed in the context of human use and effects. However, both have co-existed in nature for millennia. Recently the roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance ...
Molecular Mechanisms and Physiological Significance of Organelle Interactions and Cooperation
(2017)
Eukaryotic cells contain distinct membrane-bound organelles, which compartmentalise cellular proteins to fulfil a variety of vital functions. Many organelles have long been regarded as isolated and static entities (e.g., ...
Molecular mechanisms regulating cytotoxic lymphocyte development and function, and their associations to human diseases
(2015)
Cytotoxic lymphocytes, comprised of NK cells and cytotoxic T cells, play a pivotal role in immune defense. By directed release of perforin-containing lytic granules, NK and cytotoxic T cells can eradicate pathogen-infected, ...
The molecular pathology of cognitive decline: Focus on metals
(2016)
In the past two decades there have been significant advances made in understanding the cellular and molecular alterations that occur with brain ageing, as well as with our understanding of age-related brain diseases. Ageing ...
Molecular Organization of Membranes: Where Biology Meets Biophysics
(2018)
Biological membranes protect cells and organelles from the surrounding environment, but serve also as organising platforms for physiological processes such as cell signalling. The hydrophobic core of membranes is composed ...
Molecular mechanisms of cellular stress responses in cancer and their therapeutic implications
(2015)
In response to stress, cells can activate a myriad of signalling pathways to bring about a specific cellular outcome, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, senescence and apoptosis. This response is pivotal for tumour ...
Molecular mechanisms for reprogramming hippocampal development and function by early-life stress
(2016)
The early postnatal period is a crucial stage for hippocampal development. During this critical period, the neonatal hippocampus is highly sensitive to the detrimental consequences of adverse environmental factors. Extensive ...
Molecular Nanomachines of the Presynaptic Terminal
(2016)
Synaptic transmission is the basis of neuronal communication and is thus the most important element in brain functions, ranging from sensory input to information processing. Changes in synaptic transmission can result in ...
Molecular Pathogenesis of Pneumococcus
(2017)
Streptococcus pneumoniae has been for decades the number one bacterial killer of children in the world. Although vaccination with pneumococcal vaccines [PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 (children) or PPSV23 (adults)] has helped ...
NETosis 2: The Excitement Continues
(2017)
NETosis, a form of cell death that manifests by the release of decondensed chromatin to the extracellular space, provides valuable insights into mechanisms and consequences of cellular demise. Because extracellular chromatin ...
Neuro-motor control and feed-forward models of locomotion in humans
(2015)
Locomotion involves many different muscles and the need of controlling several degrees of freedom. Despite the Central Nervous System can finely control the contraction of individual muscles, emerging evidences indicate ...
Neuro-Immune Interactions in Inflammation and Autoimmunity
(2018)
The nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. On the other hand unbalanced immune responses in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions may have a deleterious impact on neuronal ...
Neuro-Education and Neuro-Rehabilitation
(2016)
In the last decade, important discoveries have been made in cognitive neuroscience regarding brain plasticity and learning such as the mirror neurons system and the anatomo-functional organization of perceptual, cognitive ...
Nature and Environment: The Psychology of Its Benefits and Its Protection
(2017)
Our Research Topic section entitled: "Nature and the environment: The psychology of its benefits and its protection" will have two main lines. The first line of articles will center upon cutting-edge research showing how ...
Neuropsychopharmacology of Psychosis: Relation of Brain Signals, Cognition and Chemistry
(2015)
Previous research over the past decades has identified diverse neurobiological underpinnings of psychosis. In particular, by combining a variety of different neuroimaging modalities, it has been shown that psychotic states ...
Neuroplasticity and Extracellular Proteolysis
(2016)
Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the Central Nervous System (CNS) to alter its structure and function in response to a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as development, cognition, injury or ...
Neuroscience perspectives on Security: Technology, Detection, and Decision Making
(2015)
In security science, efficient operation depends typically on the interaction between technology, human and machine detection and human and machine decision making. A perfect example of this interplay is ‘gatekeeping’, ...
Neuroplasticity and Neurorehabilitation
(2015)
In the history of neuroscience it had long been a virtually axiomatic belief that the mature mammalian nervous system was hardwired and fixed. This view goes back to the work of Louis Broca in the 1850s and has been perhaps ...
Neuroscience of Human Attachment
(2017)
Attachment is a biologically emotion regulation based system guiding cognitive and emotional processes with respect to intimate and significant relationships. Secure relationships promote infants’ exploration of the world ...
Neuropsychology and Neuropsychiatry of Neurodegenerative Disorders
(2016)
This book compiles all articles within the Research Topic "Neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry of neurodegenerative disorders" published in the journal Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. The call was launched in 2014 and ...
Mental Practice - Clinical and Experimental Research in Imagery and Action Observation
(2016)
There is now strong evidence demonstrating that the brain simulates action and other functions. Such action simulation can be evoked through conscious mental rehearsal of movement or imagery, but also through passive action ...
The metabolic challenges of immune cells in health and disease
(2015)
Obesity and its co-morbidities, including atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and diabetes, are a world-wide epidemic. Inflammatory immune responses in metabolic tissues have emerged as a universal feature of these metabolic ...