Publications
Now showing items 161-240 of 335
London
(2018)
Despite the uncertainties of Brexit, London continues to be rated as a leading location in Europe and the world for business, knowledge, and talent. But 30 years ago, when London had no citywide government, a transport ...
London
(2018)
Despite the uncertainties of Brexit, London continues to be rated as a leading location in Europe and the world for business, knowledge, and talent. But 30 years ago, when London had no citywide government, a transport ...
EIB Working Papers 2019/11 - Macro-based asset allocation
(2020)
Macro-based asset allocation is based on the identification of turning points in macro-financial cycles. This paper suggests that macro-based asset allocation informed by trends in continuous business and financial cycle ...
Feeding future generations
(2019)
The food sector is a strategic part of the European economy, but it faces many complex challenges: The sector is afraid of risk Spending on innovation is low The sector does not use technology adequately The financing ...
Feeding future generations
(2019)
The food sector is a strategic part of the European economy, but it faces many complex challenges: The sector is afraid of risk Spending on innovation is low The sector does not use technology adequately The financing ...
Climate risks for Latin America and the Caribbean
(2023)
Latin America and the Caribbean are increasingly experiencing the effects of climate change. Over the past two decades, the countries in the region have experienced as many as 1 350 natural disasters attributable to the ...
Climate risks for Latin America and the Caribbean
(2023)
Latin America and the Caribbean are increasingly experiencing the effects of climate change. Over the past two decades, the countries in the region have experienced as many as 1 350 natural disasters attributable to the ...
EIB Working Papers 2019/11 - Macro-based asset allocation
(2020)
Macro-based asset allocation is based on the identification of turning points in macro-financial cycles. This paper suggests that macro-based asset allocation informed by trends in continuous business and financial cycle ...
Ten years of the Vienna Initiative
(2019)
Amidst the global financial crisis, international institutions, national authorities and international commercial banks collaborated closely to prevent contagion spreading to Central, East and south east Europe. They built ...
On Inequality (Big Ideas)
(2021)
Does Europe have an inequality problem? Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, many Europeans are certainly struggling. The rise of populist movements is another signal that something is awry. Many Europeans no longer see their economy ...
EIB Impact Report 2020
(2021)
Investments supported by the European Investment Bank help achieve EU and international policy goals. The report specifically measures the effectiveness of our investments in three key areas: Additionality: the EIB’s ...
EIB Statistical Report 2019
(2020)
The Statistical Report presents in list form the projects financed and borrowings undertaken by the EIB in 2019, together with a list of the EIF's projects. It also includes summary tables for the year and over the last ...
Banking in Jordan
(2022)
Using newly collected data from the EIB Bank Lending Survey, carried out by the EIB with support from the Central Bank of Jordan, this report focuses on cyclical and structural aspects of corporate and SME lending, and ...
EIB Working Papers 2020/01 - How can favourable financing improve energy efficiency investments?
(2020)
Financial instruments and technical assistance are effective in increasing investments in energy efficiency.
When these favourable conditions are combined, the probability that firms invest in energy efficiency increases ...
EIB Global Report 2022/2023 - The story
(2023)
The European Investment Bank plants the seeds for many future success stories. Now another seed has been planted: EIB Global, the EIB’s development arm, which began operating in 2022. This report tells the stories of ...
EIB Group activities in EU cohesion regions in 2021
(2022)
As part of the EIB Group’s bigger, bolder and more focused approach to cohesion, this report, the first in a new series, presents the EIB Group’s activities in EU cohesion regions in 2021. The results are presented in terms ...
The European Fund for Strategic Investments
(2021)
The inside story of the European Fund for Strategic Investments from 2015 to 2020 told through interviews with the Managing Director, Deputy Managing Director, members of the Investment Committee and final beneficiaries ...
Business resilience in the pandemic and beyond
(2022)
COVID-19 set new challenges for the economies in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Strong policy and fiscal support allowed businesses to stay afloat, with firms making long strides in innovation and in becoming global ...
The 15 circular steps for cities – Second edition
(2021)
The transition to a circular economy not only conserves resources, but also reduces environmental and climate impacts. It fosters innovation and thereby increases competitiveness and creates new jobs. Cities can be ...
EIB Investment Report 2019/2020 - Key Findings
(2019)
The Investment Report, issued annually by the European Investment Bank, provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of investment and the financing of investment in the European Union. It combines the exploration of ...
Smart Europe (Volume 4)
(2019)
A green digital economy could change the future of the Old Continent. The new Smart Europe will be based on three elements: new communication technologies, new sources of energy and new modes of mobility. But the transition ...
EIB Working Paper 2020/07 - The growing digital divide in Europe and the United States (Volume 2020/7)
(2020)
Using the EIBIS Digital and Skills Survey on digitalisation activities of firms in the EU and the US, this study confirms the trend toward a growing digital divide in the corporate landscape with, on one side, many firms ...
Accelerating the 5G transition in Europe
(2021)
This study discusses why the "fifth generation" of telecommunication systems, or 5G, is integral to digitalisation efforts, and how its roll-out will be one of the most critical building blocks of the European digital ...
The EIB Climate Survey
(2023)
How are climate changes impacting daily life and economic wellbeing? How do people perceive renewable energy solutions?The inaugural African edition of the European Investment Bank Climate Survey provides some insights. ...
The EIB Climate Survey
(2023)
How are climate changes impacting daily life and economic wellbeing? How do people perceive renewable energy solutions?The inaugural African edition of the European Investment Bank Climate Survey provides some insights. ...
Global reach
(2020)
The greatest challenges we face to today are global. This is true for climate change and the need to build new models of sustainable and resilient development. It is equally true for the coronavirus pandemic that threatens ...
EIB Global Report 2022/2023 - The impact
(2023)
Building on decades of experience working in Europe’s neighbourhood, in Africa and around the world, under EU mandates and in support of EU policy priorities, EIB Global brings together all the financial, engineering and ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/14 - The scarring effects of major economic downturns
(2022)
"Despite the efforts of policy makers to tackle recessions as they happen, there is ample evidence that major economic downturns produce lasting negative effects on real GDP, pointing to the existence of “economic scarring”. ...
Going green
(2020)
Investments in energy efficiency improvements are vital to ensure Europe’s future as a sustainable, yet prosperous economy. Amid the COVID-19 crisis, however, there is a great risk of losing sight of the benefits of energy ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/14 - The scarring effects of major economic downturns
(2022)
"Despite the efforts of policy makers to tackle recessions as they happen, there is ample evidence that major economic downturns produce lasting negative effects on real GDP, pointing to the existence of “economic scarring”. ...
Going green
(2020)
Investments in energy efficiency improvements are vital to ensure Europe’s future as a sustainable, yet prosperous economy. Amid the COVID-19 crisis, however, there is a great risk of losing sight of the benefits of energy ...
Default statistics
(2021)
To address the need for greater volumes of private investment tackling sustainable development goals in the most isolated regions, the Global Emerging Markets Risk Database Consortium (GEMs) issued its first public report ...
EIB financing and borrowing activities 2020
(2021)
In 2020, the European Investment Bank lent a total of EUR 66bn and the European Investment Fund committed close to EUR 13bn. To fund its activities, the EIB raised EUR equivalent of 70bn on the international capital markets. ...
Life in Cyberspace (Volume 5)
(2019)
Internet is a real place. Every time we switch on our computers, use a program or an application, or log in to a social media site, we enter a virtual space made up of worlds, domains, forums and rooms. But we behave ...
EIB Working Paper 2021/02 - The birth of new high growth enterprises
(2021)
Internationalisation and the adoption of new digital technologies play an important role in the formation of new high growth enterprises. This paper examines this relationship for high growth enterprises in Europe and the ...
EIB financing and borrowing activities 2020
(2021)
In 2020, the European Investment Bank lent a total of EUR 66bn and the European Investment Fund committed close to EUR 13bn. To fund its activities, the EIB raised EUR equivalent of 70bn on the international capital markets. ...
EIB Working Paper 2021/02 - The birth of new high growth enterprises
(2021)
Internationalisation and the adoption of new digital technologies play an important role in the formation of new high growth enterprises. This paper examines this relationship for high growth enterprises in Europe and the ...
Life in Cyberspace (Volume 5)
(2019)
Internet is a real place. Every time we switch on our computers, use a program or an application, or log in to a social media site, we enter a virtual space made up of worlds, domains, forums and rooms. But we behave ...
Digitalisation in Europe 2020-2021
(2021)
Taking an early lead on digitalisation is crucial to Europe’s lasting competitiveness. Our newest digitalisation report sheds light on the state of digitalisation in European countries: The adoption of digital technologies ...
Digitalisation in Europe 2020-2021
(2021)
Taking an early lead on digitalisation is crucial to Europe’s lasting competitiveness. Our newest digitalisation report sheds light on the state of digitalisation in European countries: The adoption of digital technologies ...
EIB Investment Report 2022/2023
(2023)
Political strife caused by the war in Ukraine, an energy crisis and tightening credit are hitting EU firms just as they were beginning to emerge from the COVID-19 crisis. While the pandemic was a major shock, sizable policy ...
EIB Investment Report 2022/2023
(2023)
Political strife caused by the war in Ukraine, an energy crisis and tightening credit are hitting EU firms just as they were beginning to emerge from the COVID-19 crisis. While the pandemic was a major shock, sizable policy ...
Investing in nature-based solutions
(2023)
Nature-based solutions are cost-effective interventions that provide environmental, social, and economic benefits and build resilience. This report highlights the challenges involved in financing nature-based projects and ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/03
(2022)
Small and medium-sized firms play a key role in the European economy. This paper uses statistical methods to estimate the effects of EIB financial support on European companies between 2008 and 2015. It shows that the ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/03
(2022)
Small and medium-sized firms play a key role in the European economy. This paper uses statistical methods to estimate the effects of EIB financial support on European companies between 2008 and 2015. It shows that the ...
EIB Financial Report 2020
(2021)
In 2020, the Bank’s lending signatures amounted to EUR 66.1 bn. This report includes the 2020 financial statements and audit report both for the EIB and the EIB Group.
EIB Working Papers 2019/01 - Blockchain, FinTechs and their relevance for international financial institutions (Volume 2019/1)
(2019)
This paper provides an introduction to financial technology and blockchain, while exploring:
the impact of FinTechs and TechFins on the financial sector,
a description of blockchain technology and its applications, with ...
EIB Financial Report 2020
(2021)
In 2020, the Bank’s lending signatures amounted to EUR 66.1 bn. This report includes the 2020 financial statements and audit report both for the EIB and the EIB Group.
Common Ground (Volume 10)
(2019)
By 2050, three-quarters of the world’s 9.6-billion-strong population will be living in cities – inhabiting vibrant historic cores, commuting from new hinterlands via high-speed transit, or occupying informal urban settlements. ...
Hope and strength in the Western Balkans
(2020)
The Western Balkans have been a crossing point between Central Europe and the East for centuries.
Devastated by tragic conflicts, nationalism and neglected investments, the Western Balkan countries are striving to find a ...
A quantum leap in finance
(2023)
Quantum technologies offer a vision of a healthier, more sustainable and resilient Europe. They will one day enable disruptive innovations that could transform our societies, economies and almost all industries by solving ...
Funding women entrepreneurs
(2020)
Intervention is needed to improve women-led companies’ access to finance. In a recent study, EIB’s InnovFin Advisory assessed the availability of finance for women-owned and managed companies in Europe as compared to the ...
A quantum leap in finance
(2023)
Quantum technologies offer a vision of a healthier, more sustainable and resilient Europe. They will one day enable disruptive innovations that could transform our societies, economies and almost all industries by solving ...
The EIB Circular Economy Guide
(2020)
The EIB Circular Economy Guide aims to promote a common understanding of circular economy, and raise awareness about and promote circular solutions. The Guide provides information about EIB’s lending and advisory activities ...
Hope and strength in the Western Balkans
(2020)
The Western Balkans have been a crossing point between Central Europe and the East for centuries.
Devastated by tragic conflicts, nationalism and neglected investments, the Western Balkan countries are striving to find a ...
The EIB Circular Economy Guide
(2020)
The EIB Circular Economy Guide aims to promote a common understanding of circular economy, and raise awareness about and promote circular solutions. The Guide provides information about EIB’s lending and advisory activities ...
EIB Working Papers 2019/01 - Blockchain, FinTechs and their relevance for international financial institutions (Volume 2019/1)
(2019)
This paper provides an introduction to financial technology and blockchain, while exploring:
the impact of FinTechs and TechFins on the financial sector,
a description of blockchain technology and its applications, with ...
The virtuous circle (Volume 7)
(2019)
Imagine an economy in which today’s goods become tomorrow’s resources and nothing is discarded. Ellen MacArthur, the founder of her eponymous foundation, which works to accelerate the transition to a regenerative economy, ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/01
(2022)
During the COVID-19 crisis, the European corporate ecosystem avoided major disruptions, and corporate bankruptcy rates even declined. This outcome mostly resulted from the strength of support from monetary, financial ...
EIB Working Paper 2022/02 - How to foster climate innovation in the European Union
(2022)
Relying on the EIB Online Survey on Climate Innovations, we investigate the different climate innovations European firms are currently using, their motivations and challenges, and their views on current regulatory frameworks. ...
EIB Working Papers 2020/03 - Employer provided training in Europe
(2020)
This report looks at employer–provided training in Europe. Starting with a brief outline of the economic theory of training, it turns to recent developments by combining data from two employer surveys, the European Investment ...
EIB Working Paper 2021/12
(2021)
Using macro and firm-level data, this paper investigates the complementarities between investment in different types of tangible assets such as machinery and buildings, and intangible assets such as software, training of ...
Annual Report 2020 on EIB Activity in Africa, the Caribbean, the Pacific, and the Overseas Countries and Territories
(2021)
The European Investment Bank is helping African, Caribbean and Pacific countries in parts of society that are sometimes forgotten — young people, women and girls, small companies, rural villages. We are creating opportunities ...
Carbon Footprint Report 2020
(2021)
This report provides a comprehensive breakdown of EIB Group greenhouse gas emissions arising from internal operations at head office locations in 2020. It also analyses comparatively against performance in previous years ...
EIB Group Sustainability report 2023
(2024)
Climate change is the big challenge of our generation. The European Investment Bank is helping the world meet this challenge by bringing down emissions in carbon-intensive industries and in many other sectors. In 2023, the ...
EIB Working Paper 2023/06
(2023)
Many creditworthy non-financial firms are discouraged from applying for loans, resulting in a significant gap between their potential to receive credit and the reality. To quantify the credit gap, this study combines a ...
Climate financing in Latin America and the Caribbean
(2024)
In this publication, we provide an overview of climate risks in Latin America and Caribbean countries, using the European Investment Bank’s country climate risk scores. This is followed by an assessment of the region’s ...
Stockholm
(2019)
Once upon a time there was a city in a cold place a long way to the north. One day the city started to tell a story about itself. As the chapters unfolded, life in the city changed, and soon it didn’t even seem so cold or ...
EIB Working Papers 2019/03 - Financing and obstacles for high growth enterprises
(2019)
Firms can be identified as high growth, stable or declining. This paper investigates the links between these different phases in the life of a firm, investment activity, financing needs and financing constraints. Using the ...
EIB Investment Report 2021/2022
(2022)
The massive resources the European Union is unleashing to rebuild after COVID-19 present a unique opportunity to deal with climate change and improve the ability of firms and individuals to compete in a more digital world. ...
EIB Working Papers 2019/03 - Financing and obstacles for high growth enterprises
(2019)
Firms can be identified as high growth, stable or declining. This paper investigates the links between these different phases in the life of a firm, investment activity, financing needs and financing constraints. Using the ...
EIB Investment Survey 2021 - EU overview
(2021)
This unique insight into the corporate investment landscape in the European Union examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2021 edition delves into the massive shock produced by the COVID-19 ...
EIB Investment Survey 2021 - EU overview
(2021)
This unique insight into the corporate investment landscape in the European Union examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2021 edition delves into the massive shock produced by the COVID-19 ...
EIB Investment Report 2021/2022
(2022)
The massive resources the European Union is unleashing to rebuild after COVID-19 present a unique opportunity to deal with climate change and improve the ability of firms and individuals to compete in a more digital world. ...
European Investment Bank Group Activity Report 2022
(2023)
Our flagship report shows how the European Investment Bank stepped up to the challenges of 2022. From our ongoing work rebuilding Ukraine's damaged towns and cities and our support for refugees, to our unwavering commitment ...
European Investment Bank Activity Report 2021
(2022)
Our flagship report illustrates how the European Investment Bank Group confronted two great threats in 2021, the climate crisis and the coronavirus pandemic, even as the challenges posed by development grew more urgent. ...
EIB Working Paper 2021/01 - Towards a new growth model in CESEE
(2021)
The factors behind the pre-crisis growth model of the Central, Eastern and South-Eastern European EU countries (CESEE) region – skilled yet affordable labour force, foreign direct investment, imports of productivity-enhancing ...
EIB Working Paper 2021/01 - Towards a new growth model in CESEE
(2021)
The factors behind the pre-crisis growth model of the Central, Eastern and South-Eastern European EU countries (CESEE) region – skilled yet affordable labour force, foreign direct investment, imports of productivity-enhancing ...
European Investment Bank Activity Report 2021
(2022)
Our flagship report illustrates how the European Investment Bank Group confronted two great threats in 2021, the climate crisis and the coronavirus pandemic, even as the challenges posed by development grew more urgent. ...
EIB Working Paper 2023/03 -
(2023)
Does an increase in lending by multinational development banks affect the private lending activity in developing countries? This paper shows that this is indeed the case using data on loans and investments by the EIB in ...