Chapter Oltre il taylorismo-fordismo, il toyotismo e il capitale: senza nostalgia

Abstract

Taylorism-fordism as a labour process consolidated in the 20thcentury. It is based in mass production and more homogeneous products; in control of timing and movements with the chronometer and serial production; in a strong separation between conception and execution in the labour process; and in the making of the mass-worker. Differently, Toyotism is based on a flexible production process, in which one worker operates several machines (the “polyvalence” or “multifunctional” labour) – a change that had vast consequences to the working class. Capitalism, in any of its variations, is incapable of eliminating alienation: while in Taylorism-fordism this alienation has a more despotic form, in Toyotism it becomes more internalized by the approach of manipulatory involvement.