How can we create a better school for a diverse group of pupils? This book contributes multidisciplinary perspectives on this question. The book’s starting point is that pupil diversity—present in all subjects and across subjects in everyday school life—is both a reality, a resource, and a challenge. The various chapters help us understand the consequences of pupil diversity and the challenges it raises. The book provides examples of ways to work with pupil diversity, and the chapters include both theoretical and empirical aspects of diversity and inclusion in education. Those who work in schools, those who educate teachers, and those who do research on schools share a common task: helping the diverse pupil group to experience a better school. To succeed, we need research-based knowledge. How to work with pupil diversity? will therefore be useful for practitioners, teacher students, teacher educators, and researchers. All contributors are members of the interdisciplinary programme area “Diversity, inclusion and education” and affiliated with the UNESCO Chair at the Faculty of Education and Humanities at the University of Stavanger, in collaboration with VID Specialized University in Stavanger. In addition, Peder Haug, professor emeritus at Volda University College, contributes a concluding chapter that synthesizes and connects different perspectives on inclusion and diversity.