New Perspectives on Human Rights, Social Inequality and Social Justice explores and substantiates the need for new thinking about social inequality and justice in today’s society. The anthology emphasizes the necessity of developing new understandings and strategies that recognize the connection between social determinants and what can promote health and well-being. A paradigm shift is needed—with new politics, an expanded knowledge base, and alternative practices. Norwegian welfare structures and the global social situation are changing dramatically. The authors describe the need for new perspectives to support marginalized, excluded, and vulnerable groups, while also analyzing the social, economic, and ecological challenges—both nationally and internationally—that shape these developments. The chapters illuminate patterns and driving forces that shape transformations in services and professions, as well as new understandings of social justice. The book spans widely and brings together contributions that shed light on how the development of social inequality affects people and what is required to achieve greater justice. Through scientific quality, curiosity, and engagement, it conveys up-to-date research, clear conclusions, and action-oriented recommendations.